Abstract: Based on the micro level of analysis, the paper takes the 143 researchers in the field of "technological innovation" as the sample, and investigates the science funding’s incentive effect under the condition of randomized simulation experiment，i.e., Using the method of propensity score stratification, we compare the output differences of researchers between two states of "not being granted with science funding" and "being granted with science funding". The empirical results indicate that compared with the researchers that are not granted with the science funding, the researchers who are granted with the science funding generally have higher research output. In addition, researchers with the science funding support under higher probability usually have higher research output. However, there are no obvious research output differences between researchers who are granted with the science funding support under low probability and those who are not granted with the science funding support under medium probability. In addition, compared with the researchers who are granted with the science funding support under medium probability, researchers who are not granted with the science funding support under the highest probability have higher research output. The research conclusions have implications for science funding support policy.