Abstract: Under the context of much disadvantages, including lack of brands, governmental protection and market prioritity, a few local pharmaceutical manufacturing companies in China become the main actors of R&D and innovative activities gradually in pharmaceutical manufacturing industry. In order to survive and develop well, these companies have achieved successfully from generic drug of totally low end to become the first enterprise to introduce generic drugs in China, and ME-TOO drugs, at last ,these companies launched innovative drugs of national or even world-class, therefore, their innovation performance have been improved ultimately. Using a multiple case study, this paper explores the impact of R&D partners diversity of the focal firm on innovation performance and the impact of strategic orientation on R&D partners diversity.