Abstract: The market analogy of scientific development can be divided into equilibrium and evolution mode. The equilibrium mode holds that scientists’ choice behavior about theory, empirical facts and so on appears a state of equilibrium. However, it can not explain the evolution phenomenon in science, as well as the connection mechanism between individual behavior and community outcome. The evolution mode holds that science is an unpredictable process of creating knowledge. The invisible hand explanation can be divided into evolutionism and institutionalism. However, the evolution mode meets some problems about different social function and operation patterns in science and market. These two modes reflect some characteristics of market analogy which include modeling and clarity, scalability and openness, diversity and hybridity, the possibility in the real world. But they still face issues about heterogeneity between scientific knowledge and market information, idealization and normativity.