Abstract: In the context of globalization, brain circulation and aggregation across countries, regions, institutions and departments serve as a mechanism of benefit sharing. It has been an important component of the optimal allocation of innovation resources and human capital and has contributed to the knowledge transfer and technology diffusion in a globalized world. The present study identified 3,234 Distinguished Young Scholars of China between the years 1994 and 2014, and 1,840 Yangtze River Scholars of China between the years 1999 and 2014, found 626 of them had experienced mobility. Based on the analysis of their career mobility experience, the present study suggests: (a) the mobility of these star scientists fits the phenomenon of “Peacock Flying to Southeast”, and “brain circulation” has been initially established in the southeast of China; (b) a severe talent shortage is the main characteristic of the so-called “Midwest Crisis” and “Northeast Dilemma”; (c) research institutes represented by the Chinese Academy of Sciences have grown into a major sending place, and universities have become an important receiving institutes, especially top universities; (d) the “seven-year itch” and the so-called “47-year-old phenomenon” exist in the loss of talent; (e) the mobility of scientists is more closely linked to the acquisition of academic capital than to the acquisition of administrative and financial resources. In order to promote the rational and orderly mobility of high-end talent, market malfunction and the failure of public policy should be resolved.