Abstract: Based on panel data of high-tech industries in China from 2007 to 2014, this paper explores the relationship between government support and R&D efficiency. The results show that in general government support is conductive to the promotion of R&D efficiency of high-tech industries, and it is realized mainly through the improvement of technical efficiency; Regional comparison reveals that there are obvious regional differences in the impact of government support on R&D efficiency of high-tech industries: the eastern regional government support has no significant promotion effect on the R&D efficiency of high-tech industries, while central & western regional government support significantly improve the R&D efficiency of high-tech industries, and moreover it is also mainly through the improvement of technical efficiency to achieve. No matter using static panel data model or using dynamic panel data model to make empirical analysis, the above results are established. Based on the above conclusions, this paper reaches some relevant policy implications for improving the R&D efficiency of high-tech industries in China.