Abstract: Industrial generic technology has the characteristics of both competitiveness and public welfare. The role of government in promoting such technology has always been a controversial topic in public science and technology governance. In the past 70 years, through the process of establishing, developing and reforming public scientific research institutions, relying on the policy combination of finance, taxation, management of state-owned capital, insurance, non-profit organizations and S&T achievements transformation, China has explored and formed a “putting in” mode that improve the diffusion of technological elements into the process of industrialization systematically.