• 中国科学学与科技政策研究会
  • 中国科学院科技政策与管理科学研究所
  • 清华大学科学技术与社会研究中心
ISSN 1003-2053 CN 11-1805/G3

科学学研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 588-594.

• 科学学理论与方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

论自动驾驶汽车伦理难题与道德原则自我选择

李伟1,华梦莲2   

  1. 1. 上海财经大学人文学院
    2.
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-12 修回日期:2020-02-23 出版日期:2020-04-15 发布日期:2020-05-01
  • 通讯作者: 李伟
  • 基金资助:
    上海财经大学研究生科研创新基金项目“算法推荐下的价格歧视问题——以伦理学的视角分析”

The Ethical Dilemma of Autonomous Vehicles and Moral Principle Self-selection

  • Received:2019-10-12 Revised:2020-02-23 Online:2020-04-15 Published:2020-05-01

摘要: 自动驾驶汽车的核心问题是当自动驾驶汽车遇到车祸时,应该做出怎么的道德选择,是拯救驾驶员、乘客还是行人?面对这个问题,学者们从自动驾驶汽车本身视角提出了自己的见解,这些见解依据相应的伦理学原则,如功利主义、利己主义和康德义务论,但是都存在着一定的问题。本文从驾驶员本身出发,提出了道德原则自我选择的方法来解决该伦理难题,这个方法包含伦理直觉主义与自我预设道德选择。本文所提出来的方法将思考方式从智能机器的视角拉回到人类本身,提供了一个对该问题的另外一种思考角度。

Abstract: The core issue of autonomous vehicles is the moral choices that should be made when autonomously driving a car in a car accident. Is it to save the driver, passenger or pedestrian? Faced with this problem, scholars have put forward their own opinions from the perspective of self-driving cars. These opinions are based on corresponding ethical principles, such as utilitarianism, egoism, and Kant's obligation theory, but they all have certain problems. Starting from the driver itself, this paper proposes a method of self-selection of moral principles to solve this ethical problem. This method includes ethical intuitionism and self-predetermined moral choice. The method proposed in this paper pulls the way of thinking from the perspective of intelligent machines back to human beings, providing another perspective for the problem.