技术锁定视角下的专利价值影响因素分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的/意义]燃料电池作为新能源产业的核心部件，培育并评价其高价值专利对于我国突破国外“技术锁定”，对实现技术创新驱动新能源产业发展具有重大意义。[方法/过程]基于INNOJOY专利数据库，选取了燃料电池作为研究对象，采用主客观赋权方法与Cox比例风险回归模型等探究了技术锁定视角下的专利价值的影响因素。[结果/结论]结果表明：（1）技术锁定对专利价值的抑制作用显著；（2）引证数、被引证数与同族数均对专利价值的促进作用显著，权利要求数对专利价值的抑制作用显著，而IPC分类数对专利价值不具有显著效应。在丰富了专利价值研究的同时，为我国突破“技术锁定”，进而实现专利强国的目标提供相应建议。

Abstract: [Purpose/Significance] In the context of the new economic normal, the development of my country's new energy industry has gradually changed from factor-driven and investment-driven to innovation-driven. Fuel cell is a core component of the new energy industry, and cultivating and evaluating its high-value patents is of great significance for my country to break through foreign "technology lock-in" and to realize technological innovation to drive the development of the new energy industry. [Methods/Process] Based on the INNOJOY patent database, the fuel cell invention patents and invention authorized patents applied for in China were selected as the research objects. Through the deep integration of technology-market-law three-dimensional perspectives, a technology-market-law integration was constructed. It uses the coefficient of variation method and the Delphi method to empower the fuel cell invention patents and invention authorized patents, introduces the Cox proportional risk regression model, and explores the three levels of technical value, market value, and legal value. The patent value from the perspective of technology lock-in is used to comprehensively cultivate and evaluate high-value fuel cell patented technologies. [Results/Conclusions] The results show that: (1) Technology locking has a significant inhibitory effect on patent value, that is, the higher the degree of patent technology locking, the lower its patent value; (2) The number of citations, the number of citations, and the number of the same family all contribute significantly to the promotion of patent value, and the number of the same family has the strongest promotion effect on the patent value, the number of citations has a weaker promotion effect, and the number of citations has the weakest promotion effect. The number of claims has a significant inhibitory effect on the value of patents. This is because some key technologies may be changed or innovated again before obtaining a license, which has a certain weakening effect on their legal value. Due to the large number of IPC categories used, the division of patent fields is not refined enough, resulting in that the number of IPC categories does not have a significant effect on the value of patents. High technical complexity, good market prospects and efficient legal approval process will directly increase the value of patents. China should open up and expand the technological innovation situation with fuel cell core technology as its demand, fully match the Chinese market dividend with foreign advanced technology and resources, and form a complete industrial chain that first introduces and absorbs and then innovates and produces. Improve the policy system for the coordinated development of fuel cell core technologies and common technologies, accelerate the application of patent value while advancing the development of fuel cell industrialization, and break through the dilemma of foreign technology lock-in. Improve the regulatory mechanism for fuel cell technology innovation, simplify technology approval procedures, shorten the approval time for key technologies (or core technologies), and then cultivate high-value fuel cell core technologies to achieve the goal of a "patented power". While enriching the research on patent value, it also provides corresponding suggestions for China to break through "technology lock-in" and realize its goal of being a patent power.

杨武孙世强陈培. 技术锁定视角下的专利价值影响因素分析[J]. 科学学研究, 2022, 40(6): 1024-1033.

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