Abstract: Applied the case study method, this study has explored the exaptation process of the holistic technology, which theoretically explain the process mechanism about how the technology exaptation evolves into the breakthrough innovation. This study builds up the process model of the evolution from technology exaptation to the breakthrough innovation, and stresses the fact that the innovation ecosystem structure is formed before the exaptation of holistic technology. It is also found out that the research with purpose and serendipity shape the triggering mechanism of technology exaptation. This study figures out that the holistic technology exaptation needs the support of policy, institution, science and other environmental elements. This study has policy value to promote the holistic technology exaptation.