Abstract: Abstract: Scientists are an important source of scientific information, discoverers and creators of scientific knowledge, scientific methods and spirit. They play a vital role in spreading accurate information and avoiding scientific fallacies. Therefore, scientists' involvement in science communication is of great research value. However, there have been multiple barriers and problems with scientists' involvement in science communication, both in terms of actual action and existing effectiveness. Based on related international research progress in the field of science communication in the recent years, this paper compares the reality of Chinese scientists and reviews the research landscape of scientists' participation in science communication from three perspectives: the driving factors of scientists' participation, their interaction with the public and social media, and their training in science communication skills. The results show that, at the driving value level, internal factors such as social responsibility, enjoyment drive and external incentive factors jointly as well as external factors such as social acceptance and in-group meaning affect the results of scientists' participation in science communication activities. However, limited time and funding, lack of support from colleagues, and the incomplete evaluation system of science communication are all obstacles that cannot be ignored. Scientists are less motivated to engage in science communication which need to be supported by a strong science and technology management system. At the level of interaction relationship, scientists communicate science through interactions with the public and social media. At the same time, Scientists' popularity, trustworthiness, authority, communication style and the public perception are important factors to affect public cognition of science. However, although scientists have taken the initiative to improve their interaction with the public and have achieved some success, disagreements and lack of cooperation with the media have also made their science communication efforts weak. In terms of capacity improvement, relevant scientific training programs, especially those originated in the Americas, have promoted scientists to improve their skills in science communication. However, on the one hand, the effectiveness evaluation of these projects lacks of unified and effective standards, which leads to many disputes. On the other hand, scholars mostly discuss the viewpoints, backgrounds and training methods of project trainers. In the future, more empirical research needs to be carried out on participation motivation, influencing factors and training effects. In this context, the work of science communication in China is more difficult, and the relevant research progress is lagging behind. Therefore, establishing detailed and feasible supporting policies, dividing the contribution proportion of science communication practice to scientific research, and establishing systematic science ability training programs are all important ways to help Chinese scientists improve the ability and efficiency of science communication. In a word, by looking at the overall picture of scientists' participation in science communication from an international perspective, we can identify the obstacles and shortcomings that they face, which will provide inspiration for improving the current situation of science communication in China.