Abstract: Independent innovation is an important way for agricultural enterprises to build technical barriers, but there are problems such as long-term, high-risk, etc. It is difficult to achieve Pareto optimality by relying solely on market regulation, and the government's regulatory role must be exerted. Based on this, this article takes 9959 agricultural enterprises as a sample, and uses the SSBM-network DEA model to measure the transformation efficiency of agricultural enterprises’ scientific and technological achievements, empirically examines the impact of independent innovation on the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements, and explores government behavior (government Subsidies and innovation policies). The research results show that: (1) There is an inverted U-shaped relationship between independent innovation and the efficiency of transformation of scientific and technological achievements of agricultural enterprises. (2) Both government subsidies and innovation policies positively regulate the positive impact of independent innovation on the conversion efficiency of scientific and technological achievements when independent innovation does not exceed the threshold. However, innovation policies help alleviate the negative impact of independent innovation on the conversion efficiency of scientific and technological achievements after exceeding the threshold, while government subsidies have not played a corresponding mitigation effect. The research conclusions not only provide evidence of independent innovation activities carried out by agricultural enterprises, but also provide support for the government and agricultural enterprises to optimize independent innovation.