Abstract: The collapse of the postwar welfare state or the rise of neoliberalism, are often employed to interpret the transition of global public health, from primary health care (PHC) to selective primary health care (SPHC). This paper, however, rivals this transition by carefully examining two parallel sets of experiments conducted in China in the 1980s in collaboration with INGOs - World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF), with the conceptual framework of “reorder society”. It is found that the key to success is the ability to lead others “believe are their interests”. The failure of the cooperative center, more specifically, lies primarily in its “muddling through” strategy to fulfill the comprehensive evaluation, which was considered a betrayal of WHO’s PHC idea. This study further calls for opening other black boxes of “transition” in global public health governance, where the power ratio is reversed in reordering the society should always be the focus.