Abstract: The rise of the new generation of information technology accelerates the shortening of product life cycle, making organizations face great challenges in a rapidly evolving and dynamic market. How to quickly adapt to the change of external environment has received great attention. However, few studies have explored the transformation of product innovation logic under the background of digital economy from the micro level, and described the main characteristics and mechanisms affecting product adaptive innovation. This study aims to establish a relationship model between user experience and demand diversity, product adaptation, and negative affective polarity and controversies. Based on organizational learning theory and user innovation theory, this paper discusses the impact of user experience and demand diversity on product adaptive innovation and the internal mechanisms, and investigates the moderating effects of negative affective polarity and controversies on this relationship. This study selects 58 Tencent game Apps from the top 1000 Apps in Apple’s App Store. By Python, the text data of Apple App Store from January 2, 2021 to March 2, 2021 were retrieved from the official website of Qimai Data, a domestic professional mobile growth overall solution provider and a mobile product business intelligence analysis platform. Based on 35,059 users and 135,884 historical reviews of 58 Tencent mobile games, the empirical research is conducted using hierarchical regression and other methods. The study finds that: (1) Both user experience diversity and demand diversity have significant positive impacts on product adaptation. (2) Neither negative affective polarity or controversies moderates the relationship between user experience diversity and product adaptation. (3) Both negative affective polarity and controversies significantly moderate the relationship between user demand diversity and product adaptation. The empirical evidence further enriches the knowledge of user innovation in the context of digital economy, and provides a reference for enterprises to develop products that well adapt to the dynamic changes of the market. The contribution of this paper is embodied in the following aspects: (1) From the perspective of organizational learning and user innovation theory, this paper investigates the innovation logic under the background of digital economy from the product level, and expands the research on adaptation. (2) This paper identifies two important dimensions of user diversity, user experience diversity and user demand diversity, enriches the connotation of user diversity, and finds that user experience diversity and user demand diversity promote product adaptive innovation. (3) By introducing affective polarity and controversies, the moderating effects of two important affective characteristics on the relationship between user diversity and product adaptation was explored.