Abstract: The 337 investigation of the United States is a typical intellectual property trade barrier while patent application in the US market is the most direct way to deal with such barrier. Theoretically, Chinese enterprises will be more constrained in capital and other resources after encountering 337 investigation, thereby increasing the difficulty of patent internationalization. Nevertheless, some enterprises can still realize patent internationalization despite the double constraint of external environment and internal resources. This phenomenon has received scarce attention. This paper uses a sample set of high-tech Chinese enterprises that suffered from the 337 investigation and adopts the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method. This paper further draws on the dynamic capability theory to explain the relationship between firms’ dynamic capabilities in promoting subsequent patent internationalization. The results show that there are four different paths for Chinese enterprises to realize patent internationalization after suffering 337 investigation, including “internal competency-external ability”, “internal resource-external ability”, “internal resource” and “external ability”. Furthermore, this study provides some practical implication for enterprises and government.