Abstract: Clarifying the diversified evolution mechanism of technological innovation in China’s regional strategic emerging industries is of great significance to promoting the supply-side reform of China’s economy. In this paper, a pioneering analysis framework is constructed to characterize different “novelty” characteristics of technological paths, taking technological path of strategic emerging industries in Chinese cities as the research object, aiming at the evolutionary principle in “Break-through Technological Paths” and “Adjacent Technological Path” in the process of urban technological diversification. It is found that the development of break-through and adjacent technology paths is dominated by different evolutionary mechanisms. The development of adjacent technology paths has the characteristics of path dependence while depending on the local knowledge base, but the development of breakthrough technology paths present random contingency that does not depend on the historical structure of urban technology, and especially is prominent in stage of break-through technology path creation. The research provides a new perspective for observing Chinese experience of technological development in China’s strategic emerging industries