科研人员从事基础研究的影响因素分析———基于一项全国科研人员调查数据的实证研究

科学学研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 1000-1010.

科研人员从事基础研究的影响因素分析———基于一项全国科研人员调查数据的实证研究

卢阳旭

中国科学技术发展战略研究院

收稿日期:2023-02-21 修回日期:2023-06-16 出版日期:2024-05-15 发布日期:2024-05-15
通讯作者: 卢阳旭
基金资助:
我国基础研究人才队伍学科结构研究

Basic or applied? Factors Influencing Chinese Scientists' career choices

Received:2023-02-21 Revised:2023-06-16 Online:2024-05-15 Published:2024-05-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对于科技强国建设而言，“谁在从事基础研究？”是个具有显著理论意义和重要政策价值的问题。文章整合生命周期理论、科学偏好理论和匹配理论等分析视角，并基于一项全国科研人员调查数据，从个人、组织和学科三个层面分析影响我国科研人员从事基础研究的诸因素。分析发现，博士期间形成的基础研究型人力资本、科学偏好、处于职业生涯更早阶段，以及985高校、评价周期长于2年/次等组织环境都会提高科研人员从事基础研究的可能性。学科领域的差异性主要体现在理、工、农、医和人文社科等大类层面。最后，文章对研究发现的政策含义做了简要讨论。

Abstract: This paper integrates life cycle theory, “taste for science” theory and matching theory to examine the factors influencing Chinese scientist’s engagement in basic research. Based on a national survey of scientists in China conducted in 2019, some facts influencing scientist’s choices at personnel, organizational and disciplinary levels were distinguished. The main findings of the study include: firstly, the types of personal skills suitable for basic research, taste for science, and stay in early stage of academy careers will improve the likelihood of researchers engaging in basic research. Secondly, scientists come from 985 universities, or institutions with evaluation cycle longer than 2 years were more likely to engage in basic research. It is also found that the differences among disciplines are mainly reflected in science, engineering, agronomy, medicine and pharmacy, humanities and social sciences. Finally, a brief discussion is made on how to reform the China's basic research system.

卢阳旭. 科研人员从事基础研究的影响因素分析———基于一项全国科研人员调查数据的实证研究[J]. 科学学研究, 2024, 42(5): 1000-1010.

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