Abstract: The world witnesses three periods of scientific literacy building since 1950s: sprout, rising and strategic development. According to the initiatives, these constructive actions can be grossly categorized into three fields: specific project, capacity building and propaganda from international conference. Through the ways of reform in formal scientific education, traditional popularization of science and powerful media networks, these actions are characterized by sound operational system, sub-division of objects, training of mobilizers, construction of infrastructures and powerful media.

Key words: science, scientific literacy, construction of scientific literacy

摘要： 国外的科学素质建设行动自上世纪50年代以来经历了萌发、勃兴和战略推进三个阶段。根据它们的发起模式，这些建设行动可分为：专项行动、能力建设计划和国际会议宣示三个类型。通过科学教育和传统科普的改革，以及传媒平台的打造，这些行动以其良好的运作体系、细化了的对象层次、动员者的动员、基础设施和强势传媒的建设而特色鲜明。

关键词: 科学, 科学素质, 科学素质建设