Abstract: Abstract: Only having the R&D expenditure data, but lacking the R&D budget data is a defect of our country’s science and technology statistics work. In 2007, the government revenue and expenditure classification reform set up special large class of "science and technology", the "basic research", "applied research" and "technology" three paragraph level subjects seem to represent the government of three kinds of R&D investment. Is this judgment correct? Is the new set of data according with the historical data of China's R&D investment, and the science and technology statistics’ data? That’s what the paper tries to answer.

摘要： 摘要：我国长期以来只有R&D支出数据，而缺少R&D预算数据，这是我国科技统计工作不尽完善的一种体现。2007年政府财政收支分类体系改革后，专门设立了“科学技术”大类，其中的基础研究、应用研究、技术研究与应用三个款级科目似乎分别代表了政府三类R&D投入，这个判断是否正确？这套数据是否与我国R&D投入的历史数据，以及科技统计得到的R&D支出数据相吻合，是本文试图解答的重要问题。

关键词: 关键词：科技投入, R&D经费, 收支分类标准, Key words: Investment of Science and Technology, R&D Budget, Revenue and Expenditure Classification