Abstract: As East Asia counties (e.g. Korea, Japan, and China) have developed rapidly, individual creativity provides critical contribution to the economic increase. However, previous Western studies using temporary teams demonstrated that collectivism hampers individual creativity. Considering east countries are usually labeled as collectivism culture, we doubt if collectivism value indeed is an obstacle to creativity. We developed two studies to examine the relationship between collectivism and creativity in China. Specifically, studies explored the effects of horizontal collectivism and vertical collectivism on individual creativity using two types of team, considering the moderating effects of team creativity requirements climate. The results show that the relationship between collectivism and creativity is affected by the type of teams and team creativity requirements climate: horizontal collectivism indeed hampers individual creativity in temporary teams; however, vertical collectivism has positive relationship with individual creativity in stable teams, and vertical collectivism is more positively related to individual creativity when creativity requirement climate is high. These findings implicate that managers should encourage members' creative behavior as well as clearly deliver creativity requirements.

摘要： 西方学者认为集体主义抑制个体创新，是否的确如此？集体主义为主导的东亚国家（中国、韩国、日本等）经济快速崛起中涌现出大量创新，有必要在这些国家检验集体主义和创造性的关系。以我国大学生为样本，采用两个研究探索水平和垂直集体主义对创新的影响，并考察创新需求氛围的情景作用。结果显示，集体主义与个体创新的关系受到团队性质和团队氛围的影响：在临时性团队中，水平集体主义的确阻碍个体创新；但在非临时性团队中，垂直集体主义却促进个体创新，且高创新需求氛围加强这种促进作用。研究加深了我们对集体主义与个体创新关系的理解。

关键词: 水平集体主义, 垂直集体主义, 团队性质, 创新需求氛围, 个体创新, horizontal collectivism, vertical collectivism, types of teams, creativity requirement climate, creativity