Abstract: Based on the method of exploratory single case study, a typical system-transformed scientific research institute-Northwest Institute(Group) for Non-ferrous Metal Research was chosen, which possesses excellent technical innovation performance in rare metal materials industry in China. The path of pursuing simultaneously both exploitative innovation and exploratory innovation in the process of system transformation was studied.The result shows that: organization differentiation in the process of system transformation possesses typical characteristics of structural ambidexterity, spatial separation not only make exploratory innovation more efficient in organic organization of direct subordinate research institutes, but also ensure that exploitative innovation is more efficient in mechanistic organization of holding companies. Both are supported mutually and integrated organically. The Middle-Phase Links, a key step of transformation from exploratory innovation to exploitative innovation, can resolve effectively the technical and financial risks in the process of industrialization and enhance the success rate of transformation of scientific research. Meanwhile, building the dual network of industry-university-research institute can mitigate the dilemma of resource of ambidexterity innovation and improve the its efficiency in system-transformed scientific research institute.

摘要： 结合探索性单案例研究方法，选择我国技术创新绩效优异的稀有金属行业典型转制科研院所：西北有色金属研究院(集团)，对其在转制过程中兼顾探索性创新与利用性创新的路径进行研究。结果显示，转制过程中的组织分化具有典型的结构双元特性，组织的空间分离不仅使探索性创新在集团直属研究所有机式组织中有效运行，而且确保了利用性创新在控股公司机械式组织中获得高效率，二者相互支持有机融合。工程中心成为探索性创新向利用性创新转化的关键环节，有效化解产业化中的技术与资金风险，提高科研转化的成功率。同时，产学研合作形成的二重网络缓解了双元兼顾的资源约束，提升了集团整体双元创新效率。