Abstract: However the relationship between the independent R&D of enterprises and the university-industry collaboration has been widely concerned, the conclusions are not consistent. Based on the perspectives of patent citation structure, this paper takes the patent quality as the entry point and attempts to investigate the universities, enterprises and university-industry collaboration on the impact of patent quality using the patent data of PATSTAT from 2006 to 2010. According to the median of forward citations and backward citations, the quality of patents is divided into four types: technology mavericks, technology pioneers, technology adopters, and technology enablers. In the sub sample test, the role of independent R&D of universities has no significant positive impact on the patent quality, they are more inclined to be technology pioneers. The role of large enterprises has significant positive impact on the patent quality, they tend to be technology mavericks. The role of university-industry collaboration has significant positive impact on the patent quality, in particular, the improvement of small and medium-sized enterprises is more significant. This study is of great reference value for the effective implementation of patent classification management and identification of potential partners.

摘要： 企业自主研发和产学合作之间的关系一直得到广泛关注，但是研究结论并不一致。本研究尝试基于专利引文结构视角，以专利质量为切入点，运用中国2006—2010年在PATSTAT上的专利数据，考察高校、企业、产学合作对专利质量的影响。并根据专利前向引用和后向引用中位数，将专利质量分为技术独特者、技术先驱者、技术模仿者和技术促进者四种类型。研究发现：总体而言，高校独立研发对专利质量的提升无显著的正向影响，更趋向于技术先驱者；大企业独立研发对专利质量的提升有更显著的正向影响，更趋向于技术独特者及技术促成者；产学合作对专利质量提升有显著正向影响，尤其是对中小企业专利质量的提升效果更为显著。本研究对有效实施专利分类管理及识别潜在产学合作伙伴具有重要参考价值。