Abstract: Achieving the goal of carbon neutrality requires high-quality decarbonization, that is, relying on scientific and technological innovation to control the cost of decarbonization and achieve coordinated development of carbon neutrality and the economy. Firstly, on the basis of defining the concepts and relationships of carbon neutrality and decarbonization, and in terms of technology and capital intensiveness, this paper explained the scientificity and necessity of relying on technological innovation to control the cost of decarbonization. Secondly, it proposes to rely on technological innovation to optimize path of controlling decarbonization costs, that is, to optimize the combination of decarbonization technology innovation, optimize the spatial layout of decarbonization technology innovation, and optimize the time schedule of decarbonization technology innovation. Finally, this paper elaborate the policy optimization path for the key core technologies of carbon neutral.

摘要： 实现碳中和目标需要高质量的脱碳，即依靠科技创新控制脱碳成本，实现碳中和与经济协调发展。首先，在界定碳中和、脱碳概念及相互关系基础上，从技术密集性和资金密集性方面，阐述了依靠科技创新控制脱碳成本的科学性和必要性。其次，提出依靠科技创新控制脱碳成本优化路径，即优化脱碳科技创新组合、优化脱碳科技创新空间布局、优化脱碳科技创新时间进程。最后，阐述面向碳中和突破关键核心技术的政策优化路径。