Abstract: Social governance needs the empowerment of technological innovation, but the "time lag effect" of technological innovation risk is the object of social governance, which leads to the inherent synergy and reflexivity between modern technological innovation and technological governance in logic and practice, that is, the innovative development of emerging technologies cannot be separated from the synchronous construction of adaptive governance system. Therefore, the governance dilemma brought by the extension of scientific experiment to real world experience requires the collective participation of the public and experts, and faces the uncertainty through experimental practice, which leads to the collaborative innovation-governance model of "collective experiment". From the perspective of STS and co-construction, the emergence of collective experiment phenomenon can be systematically expounded and then conceptualized, and the practice path of collective experiment, which is a new governance model, can be standardized, in order to expand the emerging STS theme of "technology development as a real-world experiment".

摘要： 社会治理需要技术创新的赋能，但技术创新风险的“时滞效应”又是社会治理的对象，这导致现代技术创新与技术治理在逻辑与实践上有了内在的协同性和反身性，即新兴技术的创新发展离不开适应性治理体系的同步建构。因此，科学实验向真实世界的经验延伸带来的治理困境，要求公众与专家的集体参与，通过探索性实践来直面不确定性，这就有了“集体实验”这一协同式的创新-治理模式。基于STS的视域和互构论的角度，集体实验现象的产生可以得到系统阐述，进而得以概念化，并对作为新兴治理模式的集体实验的实践路径做出规范性说明，以期对“作为真实世界实验的技术发展”这一新兴的STS主题进行拓展。