Abstract: This paper uses geographic distance and transportation convenience to test its impact on collaborative innovation. The spatial distance is included in the dynamic optimization model to analyze the mechanism of university-enterprise cooperation. Different from using the distance between cities which has commonly been seen in existing related research, this paper examines the impact of distance between a university and an enterprise on their collaboration by mining the geographic information of universities and enterprises and collecting micro-data on patents cooperated by universities and enterprises. And the distance has a significant negative impact on the probability and frequency of cooperation on patents between university and enterprise. The heterogeneity of enterprises and universities also leads to differences in the impact of distance: the influence of distance is more significant in the cooperation between smaller enterprises and universities, in the cooperation between enterprises and "985" universities, and in the cooperation in industries with higher substitution elasities. Further analysis shows that the opening of the high-speed railway and subway has increased the probability and frequency of university-enterprise cooperation, and decreased the negative impact of spatial distance on university-enterprise cooperation. The discussion of robustness testing and endogeneity issues confirms the robustness of the results. The conclusion of the article has certain significance for further improving university-enterprise cooperation.

摘要： 大学与企业的合作创新无疑是创新体系的核心组成部分。本文应用动态优化模型分析地理因素影响下校企合作创新的发生机制，通过挖掘大学和企业的地理信息以及校企合作专利等微观数据进行实证检验。结果显示，校企空间距离对专利合作概率及合作次数具有负向影响；而企业和高校的异质性导致距离的影响呈现差异性，企业规模越小，其与大学合作受距离的影响越为显著；企业与“985”大学的合作更受距离的影响；不同行业的企业也表现出差异性。机制分析表明，校企所在城市开通高铁和地铁后提高了校企合作次数及合作概率，空间距离对校企合作的影响强度在交通改善后有所下降。稳健性检验证实了本文结论的稳健。