Abstract: Based on the data of Nobel laureates, this work empirically analyzed the shifting of world’s scientific activity center, and it argues that the reason for America occupying world's scientific activity center over a long time is the transnational migration of scientists. By analyzing the Nobel laureates in physics from 1901 – 2011, the results show that, world’s scientific activity center measured by the number of scientific achievement and the number of Nobel laureates shifts synchronously; the share of migrants of laureates in physics is 38%, and it is showing a gradual upward trend; America is the most popular host country, and the time for America to become world’s scientific activity center will be postponed to 1945 without the Nobel laureates moving from other countries; also, the characteristics of transnational migration of the Nobel laureates differ with time, and there will be more than one center for science activity in the world in the future.

摘要： 文章提出美国之所以能够长期占居世界科学活动中心位置是因为科学家跨国迁移，并运用诺贝尔奖获得者数据对世界科学活动中心转移进行实证。通过1901-2011年诺贝尔物理学奖获得者信息的统计和分析，研究发现：以研究成果作为表征与以诺贝尔奖获得者作为表征的世界科学活动中心具有同步转移现象；诺贝尔物理学奖获得者中跨国迁移者占总体的38%，并呈现逐阶段上升趋势；美国作为诺贝尔奖获得者主要迁入国，若剔除跨国迁入获奖者，美国成为世界科学活动中心的时间将推后至1945年；同时，诺贝尔物理学奖获得者的跨国迁移特征呈现阶段性变化，未来世界科学活动中心可能呈现多中心特征。