Abstract: Focusing on the increasingly fierce Sino-US technology competition and the Tech Decoupling proposition of the US, this paper constructs a new technology proximity index, uses patent application data to measure the degree of competition between the US technology layout in China and China's independent technology layout, and analyzes the trend of Tech Decoupling in various fields. The results show that the overall degree of competition between the two countries has been stable at a high level since 2010, but after the US unilaterally launched the cold war on science and technology against China, the technology proximity index continues to decline, and the trend of Tech Decoupling is obvious. The analysis of technology proximity at the field level shows that after 2018, the US applicant adjusts patent layout strategies in six areas, such as highly competitive computer technology and digital communication, reducing the correlation between US and China's technology layouts, most likely driving Tech Decoupling in these fields. In the last part, some suggestions on how to response Sino-US Tech Decoupling are put forward.

摘要： 面对日趋激烈的中美科技竞争和美方推动“技术脱钩”举动，本文构造了新的技术相似度指数，使用专利数据测算美国在华技术布局与我国自主技术的竞争程度，并研判各领域的“技术脱钩”态势。研究结果显示：中美在华技术布局的整体竞争程度自2010年起稳定在高位水平，但在美国单方面发起科技冷战后，中美在华技术相似度指数突然持续下降，美方推动的“技术脱钩”态势比较明显。领域层面的技术相似度分析则表明，2018年后美国申请人在竞争程度较高的计算机技术、数字通信等六个领域调整了专利申请策略，降低了中美技术布局关联，最有可能在这些领域推动“技术脱钩”。最后，本文针对中美科技竞争与“技术脱钩”态势提出了应对建议。