Breaking through key part of core technology is a major practical problem and theoretical research topic in China. Proposals for formulating the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035 explicitly states that "Sci-tech self-reliance and self-strengthening as the strategic support for national development, the new system concentrating nationwide effort and resources on key national sci-tech undertakings should be improved in the context of the socialist market economy, and key part of core technology should be strived to make major breakthroughs".
However, the academic research on breaking through key part of core technology is still in its infancy, and there are not many researches abroad. The limited literature and reports in China mainly focus on a few topics such as leadership speeches, government role, identification methods, innovation barriers, breakthrough paths, institutional mechanisms and case description. Scholars has made a preliminary study on the concept, characteristics and influencing factors of key part of core technology, but it is far from reaching a consensus. In view of this, we especially explores some basic theoretical issues in this field: concept, connotation, characteristics and breakthrough factors of key part of core technology.
Firstly, key part of core technology can be understood from two perspectives: the concept of “or” relationship between “key technology” and “core technology”; “key” represents the degree of importance, “core technology” is the body. Comprehensively reviewing the concepts of key part of core technology in existing literature, we find that some define it through the first perspective and quote the concepts like “core technology” from previous studies, which enlarges or reduces the connotation and extension of key part of core technology and blurs the boundary characters between them; Others make definition from their own interest, but perspectives vary from one to another. Based on this, we believe that key part of core technology is a necessary and insufficient condition of core technology. Combining the related theories of technology gap, the view of sustainable development and holistic approach to national security, we define the concept and explain the connotation of key part of core technology.
Then, from the perspective of process, the main characters of key part of core technology are described from four aspects: technical status, research process, breakthrough mechanism and innovation achievements.
Finally, the contradiction between a dilemma that one country’s high-end sci-tech development being blocked by other developed countries and that country's domestic security and market demand has triggered a theoretical discussion on breaking through key part of core technology and realizing sci-tech self-reliance and self-strengthening. Taking Industry-University-Research as the body, we analyze seven main breakthrough factors of the key part of core technology from the two dimensions of "breakthrough path" and "assistance channel": Technology suppression cognition and demand orientation, International science technology cooperation and open innovation, Deep integration of Industry-University-Research, Long-term sufficient R&D investment, Leading talents and their teams, Technology chain and industry chain, Government policies and institutional mechanisms. The conclusion can provide a basis of reference for the further research and practice.
The good shaping of the image of scientists by the media is not only related to the cultivation and promotion of the spirit of scientists, but also has a profound impact on the public's overall cognition and attitude towards scientists and even science. The research comprehensively uses qualitative and quantitative analysis methods to explore and analyze the similarities and differences of domestic and foreign scientific media in shaping the image of Chinese scientists with the reports of scientific and technological figures in Chinese Science News and Wiely from 2015 to 2020 as data sources. The results show that the report of scientific and technological figures in Chinese Science News takes narrative communication as the genre, male and successful scientists as the main body, the image of scientists is mainly to show the macro scientific spirit, supplemented by the excavation of daily life and personality; Wiely focuses on contemporary young scientific and technological elites, focusing on the common outline of scientists' professional and personality characteristics, science and humanistic spirit. The two major scientific media have certain gender stereotypes in the reporting objects and image shaping of scientific and technological figures. Accordingly, this paper puts forward some reflections on the ways and strategies of shaping the image of scientists in scientific media.
Focusing on the increasingly fierce Sino-US technology competition and the Tech Decoupling proposition of the US, this paper constructs a new technology proximity index, uses patent application data to measure the degree of competition between the US technology layout in China and China's independent technology layout, and analyzes the trend of Tech Decoupling in various fields. The results show that the overall degree of competition between the two countries has been stable at a high level since 2010, but after the US unilaterally launched the cold war on science and technology against China, the technology proximity index continues to decline, and the trend of Tech Decoupling is obvious. The analysis of technology proximity at the field level shows that after 2018, the US applicant adjusts patent layout strategies in six areas, such as highly competitive computer technology and digital communication, reducing the correlation between US and China's technology layouts, most likely driving Tech Decoupling in these fields. In the last part, some suggestions on how to response Sino-US Tech Decoupling are put forward.
From the perspective of labor market demand and supply, this paper puts forward the theoretical mechanism that Digital Finance affects labor misallocation through labor pool effect and human capital effect. Furthermore, by matching the Digital Financial Inclusion Index compiled by Peking University with the data of 279 prefecture level cities in China from 2011 to 2016, this paper empirically tests the impact of Digital Finance on labor misallocation by using panel regression model with instrumental variables. The results show that: Digital Finance can significantly improve labor misallocation, and the three sub indicators of coverage breadth, usage depth and digitization level also significantly improve labor misallocation. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the improvement effect of Digital Finance on labor misallocation is stronger in cities with lower urbanization level and lower financial development level, and more significant in central and western regions, which also confirms the inclusive function of digital finance.
Digital economy has become a new driving force for the steady and long-term development of China's manufacturing. This paper adds digital economy to the global value chain (GVC) analysis framework, depicts GVC upgrade features from the dimension of breadth and height, explain the theory mechanism that digital economy affects the upgrading of GVC, establishes econometric models to empirically test the overall impact of digital economy on the GVC upgrading of China's manufacturing, the impact of industry heterogeneity and the threshold effect of technology and capital. The research findings are as follows :(1) Digital economy fundamentally changes the spatial layout and value distribution of all links of GVC, and influences the breadth and height of GVC of a country and its specific sectors by giving play to network connection effect, cost saving effect and value creation effect;(2) During the sample investigation period, the digital economy on the whole promotes the breadth and height of GVC in China's manufacturing. Labor-intensive industries show the same influence characteristics as the total sample, but the GVC upgrade effect of capital and technology-intensive industries in digital economy is not obvious. By further test, We find that the digital economy has a "U-shaped" single threshold effect on the GVC upgrade of capital and technology-intensive industries, which is firstly inhibited and then promoted. Therefore, mastering the key technologies of digital economy, strengthening the construction of digital infrastructure and guiding the digital transformation of enterprises are still urgent needs. This study is conducive to a deep understanding of the economic effects of digital economy, and to provide reference for the formulation of countermeasures for the GVC upgrade of manufacturing.
Based on the perspective of value co-creation and element aggregation, this paper selects the A-share traditional manufacturing listed enterprises from 2011 to 2019 as empirical samples to verify whether intelligent transformation improves the performance of traditional manufacturing enterprises, and also discuss the moderating effect of cost stickiness through using the text mining methods. The empirical results show that, intelligent transformation has a significant positive impact on the performance of traditional manufacturing enterprises. That is, intelligent transformation of traditional manufacturing enterprises can achieve "intelligence" to win, and intelligent transformation can improve enterprise performance by reducing cost stickiness. Also, considering the heterogeneous characteristics of enterprises, compared with non-state-owned enterprises, intelligent transformation of State Owned Enterprises（SOEs）has a more obvious impact on reducing cost stickiness and improving enterprise performance; compared with capital-intensive manufacturing enterprises, intelligent transformation of labor-intensive manufacturing enterprises is also easier to reduce cost stickiness and achieve the improvement of enterprise performance. This paper provides the useful reference for promoting intelligent transformation of traditional manufacturing enterprises and improving enterprise cost management.
Information is the basis for making investment decisions, and the attitude of decision makers towards the media is also an important factor affecting investment decisions. This article uses data from the 11th Chinese Private Enterprise Survey conducted in 2014 to examine the relationship between business owners' trust in official media and corporate investment decisions. The study found that: (1) Trust the official media can expand the overall investment of the enterprise, but it mainly promotes long-term investment. This conclusion is still true after dealing with endogenous issues and conducting a series of robustness tests; (2) In terms with mechanism, trust the official media can reduce entrepreneurs' perception of environmental risks and improve their own status, thus creating psychological conditions for entrepreneurs to making positive investment decisions. This study shows that strengthening private entrepreneurs' trust on official media is an effective way to incentivize corporate investment. Therefore, the role of official media on disseminating policy information should be further strengthened to alleviate information asymmetry caused by non-market factors and create a favorable information environment for private enterprises to expanding private enterprise investment.
This paper uses incoPat patent information platform to retrieve the patent assignment data between 42 "double first-class construction" universities and enterprises, and adopts the social network analysis method to explore the overall network structure characteristics, individual network structure characteristics, patent assignor and technology two-mode network structure characteristics and evolution situation. The research finds that :(1) the number of nodes, edges and connections in the network are increasing, the network density is decreasing, patent transfer relationship between university and enterprise is mainly in the form of "one to one", and the network is gradually evolving from "one branch" to "everywhere". (2) Engineering universities and comprehensive universities perform well, and most of universities urgently need to improve their technology transfer capacity.The breadth and depth of technology transfer in important energy-oriented enterprises and strategic emerging technology enterprises is relatively high, and the number of patents obtained by most enterprises from universities of "double first-class construction" needs to be improved (3) G01N, H01L, A61K, G06F and H04L have been the hot technology fields in the universities-enterprises patent transfer, and the technology transfer in key universities of science and engineering involves a wide range of technology fields. Finally, from the three levels of government, university and enterprise, this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote university-enterprise patent transfer.
There are two major problems in the growth of makerspace. One is excessive reliance on government subsidies, and the other is urgent need to improve the incubation efficiency. In this paper, the influence of geographical proximity on the capital performance and incubation efficiency of makerspace is investigated. Meanwhile, the characteristics and environmental factors of makerspace are incorporated into the research framework, and the moderating effects of the makespace’s own resource advantages and regional innovation capability on geographical proximity and the growth of makerspace are analyzed. The results show that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between geographical proximity and the capital performance of makerspace; geographical proximity promotes the improvement of the incubation efficiency of makerspace. Resource advantage positively moderates the promoting effect of geographical proximity on the incubation efficiency of makerspace; regional innovation capability positively moderates the inverted U-shaped relationship between geographical proximity and the capital performance of makerspace; regional innovation capability positively moderates the promoting effect of geographical proximity on the incubation efficiency of makerspace. This paper has a guiding significance for how the makerspace can use its own and external advantages to promote the growth of capital performance and the improvement of incubation efficiency, and to solve the growth problem.
Digital transformation (DT) is an inevitable trend for high-quality development of enterprises in the digital era. Looking at DT processes more holistically in a dual perspectives of technology and market beyond?the narrow prism of technology as the main influencing factor, we argue that DT is the deliberate and ongoing digital evolution of manufacturing and business model. Data of 527 enterprises’ DT are analyzed using the layer-by-layer regression modeling to verify whether digital transformation strategy (DTS) could improve the financial performance and investigates the moderating role of the two organizational contingency factors of organizational change agility (OCA) and technology embedding adaptability (TEA) between DTS and performance. The results show that the DT of business model has a significant positive impact on financial performance, and the OCA acts as a positive moderator. But the adaptability of digital technology embedding has no significant impact. DT of manufacturing positively influences financial performance, and TEA promotes the relationship between the two. But the more agile organizational change is, the more the positive relationship between digital manufacturing and financial performance will be weakened. Based on the above conclusions, the paper gives different digital transformation strategies for different states of enterprises, which has some theoretical and practical implications for companies to success in digitally transforming.
Through a longitudinal case study of Ding Talk, this paper analyzes the evolution process of digital enabling mechanism of the service-based digital platform for traditional organizations’ digital transformation. The study found that the formation of enabling mechanisms of the service-oriented digital platform follows the logic of “demand determination-business layout-enabling realization”. Meanwhile, the digital enabling mechanisms present an evolution of “collaborative enabling---ecological enabling---scenario enabling” through the development process. Based on the existing literature that the digital platform is capable of function-level enabling, this article reveals that the service-oriented digital platform can provide a full range of enabling to organizations through the digital enabling infrastructure at the organization-level, industry-level, as well as scene-levels. Our work contributes to digital enabling literature.
