Abstract: High-quality enterprising ecological environment is the important basis and core element for the construction of high-level talents highland and international science and technology innovation center. Thereby, the scientific and accurate evaluation index system is crucial to the effective evaluation and continuous optimization of enterprising ecological environment. Most existing studies directly modify the mature scales, which makes it difficult for them to accurately fit the global technological innovation situation and domestic technological talent policy dynamics. Moreover, the existing scales are more responsive to the collection needs for objective data, as well as lack of the weight design for indicators, leading to the difficulties in capturing the “weak points” of entrepreneurial ecological environment. Thereby, this study establishes a multidimensional evaluation index system for scientific and technological talents’ entrepreneurial ecological environment, drawing from the entrepreneurial ecosystem theory and new institutionalism theory. To do this, this study collected research data through semi-structured in-depth interviews and multi-source survey in three provinces and one city in the Yangtze River Delta region. On this basis, this study summarizes measure items and identifies structure dimensions of enterprising ecological environment scale based on grounded theory. Specifically speaking, this study implemented open coding, spindle coding and selective coding for original interview data, and then explored the measurement items as well as dimensions of entrepreneurial ecological environment, so as to clarify its main characteristics. The results reveal that enterprising ecological environment embraces seven constituent dimensions which are market environment, investment and financing environment, entrepreneurial culture, innovation environment, business environment, institutional environment and public service. Based on multi-source questionnaire survey, the study verifies the reliability and validity of the developed scale in the previous stage by exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. As a result, these seven dimensions and their forty-three items could be effectively supported by the data. Moreover, this study adopts correlation analysis and regression analysis to verify criterion validity of enterprising ecological environment by revealing the significant and positive prediction mechanisms of enterprising ecological environment for scientific and technological talents’ entrepreneurial intention and their entrepreneurial performance. Ultimately, this study developed a set of evaluation index system with seven core dimensions and forty-three items for the evaluation of enterprising ecological environment. The theoretical contributions of this study to existing literature contains following three points. Firstly, the multidimensional evaluation index system of entrepreneurial ecological environment established in this study enriches and develops the connotation structure and evaluation system of scientific and technological talents’ entrepreneurial ecological environment, providing a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of entrepreneurial ecological environment. Secondly, this study achieved the contextualized research of scientific and technological talents’ entrepreneurial ecological environment by integrating the global technological innovation situation as well as domestic technological talent policy dynamics. Thirdly, the measurement scale developed in this study would meet the subjective evaluation needs of entrepreneurial ecological environment. Simultaneously, this study also have several policy suggestions. Firstly, this study provides evaluation index system for policy makers to evaluate the entrepreneurial ecological environment more scientifically and accurately. Secondly, this study bring “anchoring point” for policy adjustment and service improvement aimed at optimizing the construction of enterprising ecological environment.

摘要： 高质量创业生态环境是高水平人才高地和国际科技创新中心建设的重要基础和核心要素。一套科学准确的评价指标体系是实现创业生态环境有效评估与持续优化的关键所在。本研究借鉴创业生态系统以及新制度主义理论，基于对长三角地区三省一市的半结构化深度访谈和多来源问卷调查，运用扎根理论研究法和因子分析法，构建科技人才创业生态环境评价指标体系。结果表明：科技人才创业生态环境囊括制度环境、市场环境、投融资环境、创新环境、营商环境、创业文化、公共服务7个维度及43个指标。研究结论有助于深刻理解影响科技人才的创业生态环境，为旨在优化创业生态环境建设的政策调整和服务改进提供方向。