Chinese social scientists have paid little attention to Sociology of Scientific Knowledge (SSK), while the discussion of philosophy researchers on SSK often keeps aloof from the empirical studies of social sciences. This on the one hand caused SSK disjoint with other areas of sociological research, on the other hand masked its real methodological merits. From the perspective of empirical study, modern social sciences have fallen into a trap of formalism with “semantics myth” and it is SSK researchers who pointed out this illness with their keen perception. Anti-science, multiple discovery or nihilism is not an apposite criticism to SSK, and the hardship of SSK doesn’t pertain to itself, however it reflects the essential paradox in modern western epistemology.
Abstract: That STS research of Fujian has great differences from Taiwan which is decided by the economic and social development situation of Fujian and Taiwan. It is mainly manifested in the differences of the degree of institution, the interest of research, theory and method, the relationship of education and research. The comparison of STS research between Fujian and Taiwan will be good to expand the research field of STS, promote the exchanges and cooperation of sci-tech and culture and the development of Fujian STS discipline.
SNM theory is an analysis method for technological niche and evolution which established according to the evolutionary economics and the systematic theory of technology. Through the micro and macro empirical description, SNM theory has set up the preliminary model about evolution of technology. The paper validated the SNM theoretical analysis method's feasibility and practicality from the analysis on the typical Digital Image Display of LCD and CCD Technology, and their different evolutionary trajectories. In discussing the transition of technological paradigm and technological evolution on the Study of Technology or STS research, the SNM theory especially needs to pinpoint the direction of the discussion and contents. At the same time, as a description of the experiences the analysis method the SNM theory needs further empirical research and expands its theoretical application space.
Both industrial technology innovation competition between countries and the pressure on evaluation of public R&D expenditure are increased, which are the main background of the national engineering laboratory (NEL) construction and evaluation. Based on the policy basis of NEL construction and the comparison of the similar innovation platform, this paper analyzed the construction purposes and the special mission of NEL, and then explained the functional orientation and its evaluation requirements. Furthermore, design the evaluation system framework, including the evaluation objectives, mode, index system and key indicators design. Finally, the summary and outlook of NEL construction and evaluation were discussed.
On the basis of the comparisons the CSSW, CSSG, BC and KSS stochastic frontier analysis estimators, this paper analysis regional technical efficiency in China. Besides, we explain the trend differences among regions technical efficiency from the perspective of determinants. The main findings are: (1) Granger causality test, Hausman-Wu test and normality test of random error term show that the model itself has the endogenous problem on the basis of Cobb-Douglas production function, the results of previous research based on BC are untrusted. Considering the superiority in the technical inefficiency and endogeneity, the KSS estimator is the relatively most reliable. (2) Global and regional average technical efficiencies present fluctuant character and different from the previous conclusions significantly. Prior to 2008, the technical efficiency of eastern region is the highest, followed by central and western regions, while the central region catch up with the eastern and the gap is going to widening after 2008. (3) Geographical location, government expenditure on technology development, the scale of high technical industry and education level of population are the key factors impacting currently.
This paper studies through theoretical analysis the existing mechanism of the phenomenon of soft institution constraint related to carbon reduction policy implementation in the mode of governance with Chinese characteristics,and uses China's 1999-2010 panel data to make empirical studies of its effects on capital-embodied technological progress and China's low-carbon transformation of industry. The results show that, in the situation of political promotion tournament and fiscal decentralization,China's strong local government is bound to "not fully implement" the central government's carbon reduction policies, and eventually lead to soft institution constraint by “race to the bottom line” effect which means the gradual relaxation of regulatory standards for carbon reduction and expansion of industrial scale. Soft institution constraint is the Granger cause of continuous reduction of capital-embodied technological progress and also the Granger cause of increase of inter-provincial industrial carbon emissions.Spatial econometric results demonstrate that despite capital-embodied technological progress has a very important role in inhibition of industrial carbon emissions,but soft institution constraint eventually lead to increase of inter-provincial industrial carbon emissions by causing the reduction of capital-embodied technological progress. So soft institution constraint is not conducive to realize expected carbon emission reduction goals and China's low-carbon transformation of industry.
This paper examined the relationship between political ties of different level of the top managers and corporate merger, and the moderating effect of market development level. Through the analysis of the 183 merger events from 109 high-tech listed corporates during 2005-2009, we find that local political ties contribute to the merger in local and glocal in the industry, while central political ties contributes to mergers in local and glocal beyond the industry. The results also proved that the higher development of the region factor market, the more the political ties can contribute to the corporate merger, and the relationship between government and market plays different role in different level’s political ties and merger.
The income satisfaction of scientific and technological talents has gained the widespread focus of the government sector and academia field. Using the 2019 scientific and technological talents of 11 districts in Zhejiang Province as the sample, and through the mean comparison, logit regression analysis and other methods, the paper examines the effect of background characteristics and institutional factors on the of scientific and technological personnel income satisfaction on the basis of the distinction between universities, research institutes and enterprises. The study finds that: firstly, in general, the evaluation of scientific and technological talents of their own income levels are low; secondly, universities, research institutes and enterprises has significant differences in scientific and technological personnel background characteristics, and professional titles, level evaluation system and the scientific and technological achievements evaluation and incentive system; thirdly, the intensity and the direction of influence of the background characteristic variables and institutional factors on income satisfaction is moderated by the role of universities, research institutes and enterprises, and in the three types of units, income satisfaction has a significant positive impact, and with the largest impact on income satisfaction . Finally, based on empirical results, this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to improve the income satisfaction of scientific and technological personnel.
Abstract: Quantitative empirical analysis of the strength of intellectual property protection of FTA, which is still lack of the relevant research achievements, serves as the preconditions for measuring the impact of FTA intellectual property rules and its countermeasure studies. Taking the TRIPS Agreement as the measurement baseline, this article proposes a new index that seeks to measure the strength of the FTA intellectual property protection by introducing new specific indicators and variables. This IP Index focuses on the FTAs of three countries: Korea, Japan and China. The quantitative results coincide with the relevant qualitative review.
Through a model of quality ladder, this paper analyses the effect of duopoly’s research behavior and patent-licensing behavior to subgame perfect Nash equilibrium in the cases of cumulative innovation and isolated innovation, then studies the relevant optimal patent breath on that basis. The results show that the optimal patent breath changes to reflect changes in research efficiency of market, regardless of the type of innovation. Compared with the isolated innovation, the optimal patent breath may narrower or wider, it depend on the change of research efficiency, so patent system of isolated innovation may not apply to cumulative innovation.
Based on the traditional theory of strategic management for the source of competitive advantage, it propounds a logical route that quality management could affect firm performance through knowledge transfer. Then a full relationship model including traditional route and knowledge route is constructed. By an empirical study, it is concluded that quality management practices have a significant and strong effect on knowledge transfer and the interaction between logical route and knowledge route is insignificant. It illustrates internally theoretical foundation why quality management can coordinate with innovation activities. The conceptual model for the relationship between quality management practices and firm performance is developed. The existence of knowledge route constructs theoretical basis for integration between quality management practices and knowledge management practices. Furthermore the full model provides important decision basis for enterprise’s quality management practices.
Based on the exiting literature, this paper constructs the level transition process model of “organizational learning-knowledge creation” in view of the metaphor between “organizational learning -knowledge creation” and characteristics of quantum’s motion, and also analyzes level transition’s mechanisms from the stages, namely knowledge accumulation, knowledge transition and knowledge attenuation. According to the level transition mechanism, this paper does quantization improvements aiming at improving the SECI model. At the same time, we combine incremental learning with insightful learning and construct the dynamic model of cross-level organizational learning in order to solve some actual problems such as communication’s imbalance, the misunderstanding of 3C and organizational learning’s trap, proving the value of the model.
As enterprise’s new innovation pattern of multi-value creation oriented at the low-income group and market at the base of the pyramid, inclusive innovation can create economic wealth and at the same time help to alleviate and reduce poverty by offering the poor people equal opportunity of engaging in market, reflecting the latest idea of innovation promoting commercial and social development compatibly. This paper makes a preliminary theoretical exploration to the field by giving the definition and explanation of inclusive innovation and then describing its characteristics. After the key successful factors are summarized, a specific case is used to illustrate the theoretical elaboration of inclusive innovation at last. This paper provides a basis of comparison and verification for further research, and also provides reference for enterprises’ practice of inclusive innovation at the BOP market.
It’s coherence between innovative type and its strategy in enterprises, and there are some difference of enterprise innovation in different industries and different size, which is an important point to be considered in the process of making innovation policy. This is demonstrated in our questionnaire analysis of the full sample of national innovation-oriented enterprise(IOEs). The questionnaire analysis also discovers following new characteristics of the enterprise innovation. First, product innovation is the main type of innovation of IOEs, meanwhile giving consideration to process innovation, but there is bonded closely between product innovation and process innovation in the big innovative project. Second, most IOEs have located their innovative aims on global market and there is 53% IOEs whose novelty of new product is on the level of international market new, although there is diversity of IOEs innovation that is caused by difference of strategy, industry and size of enterprise. Third, innovative type and characteristics of middle-size IOEs and IOEs in the equipment manufacture industries are worth to be pay more attention to in the process of making innovation policy.
This article aims to address the question extant studies has neglected，that is :whether political connection can influence firm technological innovation performance through the enterprise’s internal resource allocation in transition economy？Drawing on the upper echelons theory (UET) and resource-based view (RBV), the article examines the effect of political connection on firm technological innovation performance and explains the mechanism behind. Based on a database covering 158 listed firms in Chinese entrepreneurial stock market during 2009～2011 periods ,the empirical results of this study show that political connection has negative effect on firm technological innovation performance through the mediating role of R&D investment. The logic behind lies in that: political connection has significant negative correlation with R&D investment intensity, while R&D investment intensity has significant positive correlation with technological innovation performance. The implications for upper echelons theory (UET) and resource-based view (RBV)，and the magerial implications ,are discussed.
Abstract:From the perspective of social networks and core competencies, this paper reveals the dynamic evolution of efficient and innovative R&D outsourcing based on the enterprises’ growth stage: initial enterprise, development and maturity. Through 206 samples of single factor analysis of variance (ANOVA), LSD and Tamhane T2 test, the results show that from initial, development to maturity, the dominant position of efficient R&D outsourcing decreased, while the dominant position of innovative R&D outsourcing gradually, which provides good suggestion and advice for R&D outsourcing implementation and decision-making.
Abstract: Qiang Sanqiang played a crucial role in the development of science of science in China. He advanced the founding of the Research Association of Science of Science and Science and Technology Policies as well as the construction of academic publication and academic degree. Meanwhile, he promoted the spreading of science of science thought. He attached great importance of the research of science of science’s basic theoretical problems, standardization and innovation of the research approaches. What’s more, he put emphasis on building science of science’s theory with Chinese characteristics. After the Cultural Revolution, China’s science and technology was no longer developed in a mere aspect, but improved in an all-round way. The famous scientist’s soft science orientation in this period is generated owing to personal interests, but also the inevitability of time development.
