the function of R&D and technology innovation in the cluster process has been paid worldwide attention and emphasizing. Especially its basic function in the high-tech industrial development has been gained agreement in both academic area and government circles. But the new facts show that non-technological innovation has also make the same important effect to the high-tech industrial development based on the more and more new research and case studies. This article will make Shenzhen city, less R&D base, as the study case and compare it with Beijing and Shanghai, more developed in China , at the same time using deep interview as supplement, in order to conclude the mechanical functions of high-tech industrial cluster with the less R&D base.
This paper firstly analyzes the rapidly decline trend of Nokia, and then proposes the importance of innovation ecosystem in the strategic management practice. Accordingly, the paper puts forward the concept of innovation ecosystem based on the former studies and arguments, and discusses the essences, connotations, and the key characteristics of the innovation ecosystem. In the end, the paper suggests the academic values and the policy implications of the concept and the theory.
The paper analyzes three meanings of ecologically technological innovation from the perspectives of ecological system, philosophy and ethics and ecological & environmental effect, and thinks that the ecological civilization construction require the ecological turn of technological innovation, that is to say, the notion of protecting ecology & environment, and the index related to ecology & environment must be included into the whole process of technological innovation. In view of ecological civilization and taking the innovation process of product as an example, the paper then discusses ecological innovation about the whole process from R&D to production to marketing and to technology diffusion. Finally, it puts forth several principles such as low consumption & cost-effective, zero-emission & non-pollution, people-oriented and technology recyclability which ecologically technological innovation must follow.
The “Bayh-Dole rules” in China is learned from the “Bayh-Dole Act” in America, and aimed at the ownership and management of intellectual property for R&D products arising from federal government-funded research. However, so far there is no general analysis tool to fulfill the need to describe, interpret, evaluate and estimate the “Bayh-Dole rules”. The ROCCIPI model proposed by the Seidmans provides us with such suitable tool to fully understand and implement the “Bayh-Dole rules” and also helps the institutional redesign.
The development and improvement process of solar cell technology can be naturally described as a series of optimization problem solving processes which involve many innovation agents such as enterprises and consumers. Enterprises improve technology by modifying on their own technology and learning from other enterprise, and the market selects the fittest to survive. These observations lead to a multiagent system model for technology evolution. This paper builds a multiagent model for solar cell technology in which each technology (along with its developer) is represented by an agent. A multi-agent genetic algorithm is used to simulate technological innovation and market selection processes. The results are validated with actual cell technology evolution data, and the effects of the innovation cost rate on the technology evolution trajectory are analyzed.
This study based on the theory of global value chain, selected three manufacture companies and three professional International Trade Companies as the sample, studied the six cases about their transformation problems, and analyzed the mechanism and paths of transformation. We found that buyer-driven and producer-driven enterprises, respectively adopt specific paths such as original brand manufacturer(OBM),business process outsourcing (BPO) take the three ways to change the global value chain and upgraded: Up or down stream embedded in original value chain, embedded in original value chain deeply and embedded in the new value chain. Changed the dynamic factors such as deliverability, complexity of transaction and resource commitment, then change the governance types and the role, realize the internationalization transformation. This study sums up the transformed ways and the paths of international trade enterprises based on the framework of embedded global value chain,transformation and governance types evolution, and put forward two new ideas of transformation: the manufacture-service integration and high-end embedded in low value chain，this study provide the practice suggestions for the foreign trade companies simultaneously.
About the impact study of the manufacturing company service provision on the business performance of manufacturing companies, the existing literature emphasizes the service provision’s direct effect on firm performance. While the boundary conditions of ensuring the manufacturing companies service provision’s performance is not paid full attention. That is to say, what is the key situational variable to ensure the performance of manufacturing company. The study examined the moderating effect of strategic alignment and the socio-technical capability on the relationship between service delivery and business performance of manufacturing companies from the perspective of the manufacturing company service provision. The study found that strategic alignment and the socio-technical capability will strengthen the relationship between service delivery and business performance of manufacturing companies. Finally, the paper discussed the managerial implications on the social technology ability, and pointed out the limitation and the future direction.
knowledge governance can help firms dig up the value of knowledge resources and has an important impact on knowledge sharing and employee innovation behavior. According to surveying 336 employee, this paper, from employee cognitive perspective, empirically researches the relationship among knowledge governance, knowledge sharing and employee innovation behavior, and particularly analyzes the mediating of social capital between knowledge governance and knowledge sharing and the moderating of absorptive capacity. The results of this study show that firstly knowledge governance plays a key role in knowledge sharing, secondly, social capital plays a whole mediating role between knowledge governance and knowledge sharing, thirdly, knowledge sharing and absorptive capacity positively influence on employee innovation behavior, and finally, that the moderating of absorptive capacity between knowledge sharing and employee innovation behavior is non-significant. The results provide a theoretical and methodological contribution to the study of knowledge governance and can thus improve knowledge governance impact in practice of Chinese enterprises.
Technology modularity architecture has been changing inter-firm cooperation mode, deducing the uncertainty roused by environmental and cooperative complexity, accordingly decrease the interdependence between client and supplier compared with integrative architecture. Meanwhile, the inter-firm knowledge and information flow turned to be more precise, explicit and pertinent, which facilitate suppliers’ knowledge acquisition efficiency from their clients. These conditions inspire suppliers’ exploratory and innovative activities internally, rather than building social interdependence with clients for relational transactions. Furthermore, we discuss that relationship coupling is not excluded under this circumstances, and also create relational value by positively moderating the relationship between technology modular and suppliers’ knowledge acquisition effectiveness. The empirical analysis of survey data from 162 suppliers supported the theoretical hypotheses. The theoretical and managerial applications are: first, while diminishes the alternative of cooperative innovation, modular architecture creates an opportunity for supplier to build competitive capabilities by implementing innovative activities internally. Second, supplier’s investment on relationships with clients under modular design has positive returns by enhancing the valuable knowledge acquisition, with no direct impact on supplier’s innovativeness.
Besides applying knowledge in own products or services, more and more well-known firms externally commercialize their knowledge assets, i.e. external technology commercialization (ETC) has increasingly plays an important role in those firms’ commercial transaction. ETC brings more monetary revenue, also benefits them in strategies (e.g., selling additional products/services and setting standards).However, most inadequate firms have reservations about ETC because of uncertainty which are partly due to the imperfections in the markets for knowledge. Admittedly, the dilemma of revenue is becoming obvious in managing external commercialization tasks. The phenomenon also attracts scholars who consider ETC as a hotspot. To solve the problem of dilemma, finding out the determinants which may relate with the revenue is needed. To balance prior research, which has focused on ETC in organizational perspective, and measured revenue in monetary way, the paper takes a contingency view to analyze how factors determine product-oriented strategic revenue and if there exists intermediate. Based on survey data from 142 technology-oriented companies, appropriability regime has positive effects on product-oriented revenue, and relative patent position plays a Intermediary role partly; technological turbulence has positive effects on product-oriented revenue, and relative patent position plays a Intermediary role entirely. It implies that researchers and practitioners should not oversimplify the benefits of ETC. If one industry owns a strong appropriability patent regime and relatively high technological turbulence, firms in the industry should see ETC as an opportunity which is complementary rather than substitutive to their product business, because their relative patent position may be stronger than they thought. Inadequate firms in this industry may more likely achieve significant benefits from ETC than those in other industry, i.e. the dilemma of revenue in this kind of industry may be inconspicuous.
This paper proposes 6 paths containing tectnology-drive, marketing-drive and design-drive, and 3 types of innovation driver based on 3D-driven network. It is demonstrated that degenerated status before forming dominant design accords with traditional double-driver mode during technological evolution, and that multi paths mix is the result of decoupling branch evolution after forming dominant design.
Effective innovation mode with the “Industry-University-Research” Cooperation is one of the most important routes for the enterprises to improve its technological capabilities and innovation capacities, meanwhile it’s also the key for the high college to improve transformation rates for its own research outcomes. From the perspective of innovation types, main innovator-dependent and the optimal resources and capability allocation with the innovation process, two innovation modes with the “Industry-University-Research” cooperation are concluded: one is enterprise-established mode based on the high college -oriented, the other is the integrated innovation mode based on the enterprise-oriented, which is focused to be researched in this dissertation. In this mode, because the cooperative relation and controlling right are the two core variables in determining innovation effects, the cooperative relation between university and enterprise is divide into two types: long-term cooperation relation and short-term relation, and the controlling right is also divided into two ones: centralized controlling and decentralized controlling. Based on mentioned above, focusing on the cooperative innovation process of “Industry-University-Research”: systematic dimension including contract
-providing, well-organized for the cooperation innovation process and the industrial competition by enterprise, by using the tools such as the Game Theory and the Principal-Agent Theory, one three-stage dynamic model is established, and four sub-game perfect nash equilibriums are also concluded under the conditions which contain the centralized(or decentralized) controlling under the short-term(or long-term) cooperative relation respectively，and the detailed analysis for each condition and its game outcome are also made respectively . Finally, from three dimension including cooperative relation, controlling right, and the principle-agent effect, some parameters equilibrium outcomes such as the innovation knowledge input, salary, production, prices and profits, and its differences are made from static and dynamic perspective.
At present, few studies focus on the drivers of energy efficiency technology adoption, especially about the effect of firm’s innovation activities on the adoption of energy efficiency technologies. This paper explores the effects of product innovation, process innovation and management innovation on the adoption of energy efficiency technology based on the Chinese manufacturing innovation survey 2009. The results show that product innovation, process innovation and management innovation all have a positive significant effect on the adoption of energy efficiency technologies separately. Further, energy costs of firms will adjust the relationship between innovation activities and energy efficiency technology decisions. The firms with higher energy costs are more likely to adopt energy efficiency technology during innovation. This new finding implies that the purpose of firm’s innovation activities is consistent with that of energy efficiency technology investment. From a policy point of view, this indicates that in order to promote China’s manufacturing energy-saving, policy makers should also take active measures to encourage firm’s innovation, especially focus on firm’s management innovation.
Abstract：Based on the perspective of individual intrinsic motivation，using the principle of the positive psychology and a sample of technical personnel in enterprise，developing the definition，dimensions and scale of proactive innovation behavior. The main content of this research includes：first，the theory of individual proactive behavior is applied to the field of scientific and technological innovation，defines the connotation of proactive innovation behavior of technical personnel，and verified through qualitative empirical research；then，using the critical incident method to collect，analysis and revise the examples of behavior，constructing the core concept，dimension and scale of the proactive innovation behavior；Finally，we constitute its final dimensions and measurement scale through quantitative analysis with 540 questionnaires. The results of research show that technical personnel proactive innovation behavior has a connotation structure of second-order dimension：spontaneous，supported by a sub-dimension of eager to innovation；previous preparation，supported by two sub-dimensions of preparation in thought and resources；cross obstacle，supported by three sub-dimensions of not afraid of risk，overcome the difficulty and the tenacity.
