关键词: 生物勘测, 生物剽窃, 基因采集, 黄金大米, 知识遮蔽, bioprospecting, biopiracy, gene mining, Golden Rice, agnotology

Abstract: There are two bioprospecting cases that foreign scientific research institutions took Chinese persons for gene experiment, from the initial "gene mining" to pay our attention, to the "golden rice" shocking us after ten years. "Bioprospecting" often evolves into "biopiracy" in the process of globalization, which basic reason lies in the pursuit of economic interests. Local knowledge was explored, produced and controlled in order to accumulate capital in the field of science. The specific reasons are as follows: First is the "agnotology" of epistemology, namely, researchers take captation arguments leading to information asymmetry; Second is identity in rhetoric. The popularity of researchers and the reputation of research institutions win participants' trust, increasing to fold information. What’s more, ethical review program is not strictly and ethical review system is not perfect, which makes bioprospecting from species diversity collecting to human gene mining. The disadvantages of ethical review need to be solved urgently.