关键词: 专利制度, 技术动态性, 相对专利位势, 产品导向收益, 技术外部商业化, Patent Regime, Technological Turbulence, Relative Patent Position, Product-Oriented Revenue, External Technology Commercialization

Abstract: Besides applying knowledge in own products or services, more and more well-known firms externally commercialize their knowledge assets, i.e. external technology commercialization (ETC) has increasingly plays an important role in those firms’ commercial transaction. ETC brings more monetary revenue, also benefits them in strategies (e.g., selling additional products/services and setting standards).However, most inadequate firms have reservations about ETC because of uncertainty which are partly due to the imperfections in the markets for knowledge. Admittedly, the dilemma of revenue is becoming obvious in managing external commercialization tasks. The phenomenon also attracts scholars who consider ETC as a hotspot. To solve the problem of dilemma, finding out the determinants which may relate with the revenue is needed. To balance prior research, which has focused on ETC in organizational perspective, and measured revenue in monetary way, the paper takes a contingency view to analyze how factors determine product-oriented strategic revenue and if there exists intermediate. Based on survey data from 142 technology-oriented companies, appropriability regime has positive effects on product-oriented revenue, and relative patent position plays a Intermediary role partly; technological turbulence has positive effects on product-oriented revenue, and relative patent position plays a Intermediary role entirely. It implies that researchers and practitioners should not oversimplify the benefits of ETC. If one industry owns a strong appropriability patent regime and relatively high technological turbulence, firms in the industry should see ETC as an opportunity which is complementary rather than substitutive to their product business, because their relative patent position may be stronger than they thought. Inadequate firms in this industry may more likely achieve significant benefits from ETC than those in other industry, i.e. the dilemma of revenue in this kind of industry may be inconspicuous.