Abstract: Nowadays, innovation is increasingly seen as the main driving force of economy. The industrial structure for employment structure changes significantly the formation of reconstruction in the process, pouring industrial labor services into the workforce as one of the main facts of employment structure changes characteristics. Similar to Lewis' dual economy, this paper tentatively calls the economic phenomenon new dual economy. Through practical considerations and the construction of the theoretical framework, it is found that the infinite labor supply hypothesis the service industry faces stand. It could be divided into core driven innovation, basal driven innovation, auxiliary driven innovation, which is used to explain the innovation’s driven progress of the new dual economic in detail. Then, the economy structure reconstruction effect of new dual economy is parsed, and summed up as condensed development of industry, expansionary development for the service industry, and the integrated development of agriculture. The new dual economic theory proposed in this paper is a beneficial discussion on the evolution of economic structure under the innovation-driven background of the fourth industrial revolution, and has some enlightenment for further understanding of the future industrial development.