Abstract: With the development and change of the connotation of national security from traditional security to non-traditional security, intellectual property security is becoming an important part of non-traditional security in the national security system. The lack of overall coordination mechanism for intellectual property security will lead to the "collective action dilemma" of the state, which will transform the general intellectual property risk into intellectual property security factors at the national level. The core of examining intellectual property in the context of national security is the autonomy, reliability and controllability of intellectual property in national collective action. This paper systematically analyzes the historical and realistic logic of intellectual property national security and its complex mechanism, and holds that intellectual property security has the characteristics of transnational, non-governmental and transformability of non-traditional security. Intellectual property security includes the institutional security of intellectual property governance, the technical security of intellectual property object Three global security configurations and multiple security risk representations of intellectual property operation. Based on the public value of national priority, interest balance and system realization, establish the principles, rules and mechanism system of national security governance of intellectual property rights beyond the dichotomy of market government or private right sovereignty. Finally, it puts forward China's strategy for the modernization of intellectual property national security governance from three aspects: governance decision-making structure, system and policy system and the cross theoretical research of "intellectual property security".