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ISSN 1003-2053　CN 11-1805/G3
科学学研究

›› 2013, Vol. ›› Issue (4): 504-509.

• 科学学理论与方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

论“总工程师模式”的科技创新机制——兼论大科学时代总工程师的素质与责任

张煌1,朱启超2   

  1. 1. 国防科技大学
    2.
  • 收稿日期:2012-09-30 修回日期:2013-01-16 出版日期:2013-04-15 发布日期:2013-04-15
  • 通讯作者: 张煌

Discussing the mechanism of the ‘chief engineer’s model’ in technological innovation——Discussing the qualities and responsibilities of the chief engineer of the era of big science simultaneously

  • Received:2012-09-30 Revised:2013-01-16 Online:2013-04-15 Published:2013-04-15

摘要： 20世纪中叶以来，大型科技工程的实施和中国政府对科学界的动员，促使传统的科学权威向大型工程的管理权威转变，形成了一条“总工程师模式”的科技创新路径，即“提出科研项目的战略咨询建议”——“汇聚科技研究与开发资源”——“以工程管理职位主导工程运行”——“以工程实现提升科学威望”的四步路径。这一模式的合理性，体现为它是高龄科学家扬长避短的合理创新方式，通过以总工程师角色主持科研工程，科学家的综合能力素质也得以提升；这一模式局限性体现为挤压了基础研究人员的自主空间并挫伤其积极性，同时可能造成总工程师 “赢家通吃”的状况。

关键词: 总工程师, 科技创新, 大科学, chief engineer, technological innovation, big science

Abstract: Since the middle of the 20th century, with implement of large-scale projects and mobilization from china government to scientific, which impel typical scientific authority convert to large–scale projects administration, come into the ‘chief engineer model’ in technological innovation, that is, as we say, divide into 4 steps: raising the strategy of scientific research project, Gathering technology research resources, operating project based on managerial position and ascending scientific prestige by project implementation. This model could help aged scientist avoid weaknesses by which host scientific research project as chief engineer and improved their comprehensive ability. However, this model may also squeeze autonomy and weaken enthusiasm of basic research personnel, which is, caused ‘Winner-Take-All’by chief engineers.