关键词: 基于科学的创新, 基于技术的创新, 科学－技术关系, science-based innovation, technology-based innovation, science-technology relationship

Abstract: In modern age, science is no more pure pursuit of knowledge. Scientific discoveries are always technological inventions at the same time. This kind of science-based innovation are very different from technology-based innovation, which have been studied quite thoroughly in the past. The recognition of these differences are important for the understanding of economic development and industrial technical change. For the analysis of these differences, this article sets up a theoretical framework, through which the dimension of sectoral differences can be brought into discussions in theories and policies. Moreover, the analysis in this article suggest that there is not a general pattern of science-technology relation, but sectoral patterns.