Abstract: R&D going out has already become a vital strategy for Chinese firms to realize technology catching-up. In order to establish a global R&D system, latecomer enterprises must coordinate multiple relationships between internal and external network, then design appropriate paths and approaches of conducting architecture. Based on the perspective of architecture theory, this paper uses multiple case studies and cross-case comparison to analyze that, under the influence of technological gap and institutional gap, how enterprises should design and construct technological and organizational architecture, then to find out the optimal path to establish and consummate glboal R&D system. Based on case studies, this paper generalized different types of paths of technological and organizational architecture building, analyzed the matching and interaction mechanisms between them, and then discussed the design rules of strategy choice, constructing procedure and coordinating technique during R&D going out, in order to provide practical guidance and enlightenment for Chinese enterprises.