Abstract: There has yet any empirical research about technological catch-up being conducted on basis of Chinese enterprises. And the case this article studies is Huawei Company. Over the past two decades from its initial foundation in 1988 to 2009, Huawei Company has been making constant high-efficiency R&D investment; it has not only achieved global leading position for patent quantity and market share in field of core technology but also realized the technological catch-up for. Why can Huawei accomplish such achievement? This article takes Ericsson as the benchmarking enterprise which Huawei pursues and uses the Douglas model to calculate the R&D investment output elasticity for marketing revenue during the period from 2000 to 2009. Moreover, this article makes a tendency analysis of R&D expenses, personnel investment and patent output between Huawei and Ericsson via descriptive statistics. The analysis shows that Huawei has achieved a continuously high investment-output efficiency while maintaining its constant and large-amount R&D investment. Its output elasticity of R&D investment is 0.85, which is far higher than that of Ericsson (-1.0), demonstrating the output efficiecy of Huawei’s R&D investment is far higher than that of Ericsson. When Ericsson downsized its R&D personnel, Huawei increased theirs rapidly, which means the latter’s investment in staff employment and work hours exceeded that of Ericsson. Yet, the outcome indicates that Huawei’s per capita number of patent application is only half of that of Ericsson. A theoretical analysis of research result proves that the main reasons for Huawei’s technological catch-up lie in its constant and stable R&D expenses, high-proportion and low-cost R&D personnel investment, specific technological strategy and advanced technology management. Effective strategic combination of simplification, low cost and differentiation enabled Huawei to achieve its technological catch-up under the circumstance of industry environment changes and development of the leading competitors decelerates.