Abstract: Strategic Emerging Industries (SEIs) are typical industries driven by technological innovation. Through the systemic analysis, this paper summarizes three important characteristics of technological innovation in SEIs: multi-dimensional innovation uncertainty, multi-scale enterprises symbiosis, multi-industries cross fusion. And then we abstract two important variables that influence the strategy and mode selection of SEIs, which are specialization and versatility of technology demand and the internalization or externalization of innovation source. Through the combinatorial analysis of two variables, this paper puts forward four modes of technological innovation of SEIs in China, namely, spillover mode, alliance mode, supply mode and mass customization mode. The paper analyzes connotation of the four models comprehensively from purposes, advantages, core, key, risks, and benefits. At last, it gives four typical case analysis with Huawei, Foshan Ceramics Industry Technology Alliance, Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Microelectronics and China Automotive Technology Research Center as examples. The technical innovation model proposed in this paper has guiding value for the technological innovation practice and the healthy development of SEIs in China.