Abstract: Based on the panel data of China’s 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities from 2005 to 2016, this paper makes an empirical analysis of the factors affecting the flow of science and technology talents from a macro perspective. The results show that the economic development level and the scientific research environment are the main factors affecting the flow of science and technology talents among provinces. There are significant differences in the impact of macro environmental factors on the flow of science and technology talents in different regions. The R&D expenditure intensity has a greater impact on the flow of science and technology talents in the eastern and central regions, while the western region is more affected by the economic development level. Due to the adjustment of industrial structure in the east region is relatively fast and the secondary industry in the central region is relatively developed, the two regions have stronger ability to absorb science and technology talents than the western regions. The financial investment in science and technology has little effect on the flow of science and technology talents. Finally, this paper puts forward some suggestions to promote the rational flow of science and technology talents among regions.