Abstract: From the perspective of "science and technology input-science and technology output-science and technology performance", the article establishes an index system for science and technology nations and an index system for science and technology power. It measures the total amount of science and technology in the country and the level of per capita development. It compares the annual index data 2004 and 2017 in the United States, Germany, Britain, France, Japan and China, which analyzes the development trend of China's construction of a large and powerful country in science and technology. The article uses benchmark analysis and expert empowerment analysis methods to obtain the scores of science and technology power and nations, calculates the comprehensive index of science and technology power, and uses Verhulst model and GM (1,1) model to predict science and technology score and comprehensive index between 2020 and 2035 in 6 countries. It concludes that at present China has become a big country in science and technology, but it is still a certain distance from the science and technology power. By 2035, the comprehensive strength of China's science and technology will significantly increase. The comprehensive index of the country's science and technology will surpass France, will be basically the same as Britain, and the gap with Japan and Germany will narrow. But there is still a certain gap with the United States.