Abstract: Based on the perspective of supply chain integration, this study explores the internal mechanism of how enterprises can promote the evolution of technological innovation capabilities through supply chain integration through a multi-case study of three small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises. The research results show that: (1) In the context of supply chain integration, the evolution of technological innovation capability presents a dynamic process from low-order to high-order, following the path of “localized technological innovation capability - customized technological innovation capability - synergy technological innovation capability”. (2) Supply chain integration, as a key innovation practice, is a key factor affecting the evolution and upgrading of enterprise’s technology innovation capability, and there will be a dynamic transform of the model. (3) On this basis, small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises follow the mechanism of “capacity accumulation – capability extension – capability transition” to realize the evolution and upgrading of technological innovation capability. This research is useful for enriching and perfecting the further research on technological innovation and supply chain integration.