Abstract: Based on the analysis of the characteristics and formation process of the dissipative structure of the regional innovation ecosystem in China, through the scientific translation of the Brusselator model, a judgment model of the dissipative structure of the regional innovation ecosystem is constructed. Based on panel data from 2013 to 2017, this paper empirically analyzes the dissipative structure of the regional innovation ecosystem 31 provinces in mainland China. The study found: The regional innovation ecosystem in China has the prerequisites for forming a dissipative structure; At this stage, the dissipative structure of the regional innovation ecosystem in most provinces of China has not been formed, but the number is increasing year by year. And when a dissipative structure appears in a regional innovation ecosystem of a province in a certain year, it will maintain the continuity of the dissipative structure phenomenon in the following period. The overall order degree and overall order improvement potential of China’s regional innovation ecosystem are shown in the central region > eastern region > western region > northeast region. Some economically developed regions have not formed a dissipation structure. Based on the above research conclusions, policy recommendations are proposed for the construction of the dissipative structure of China’s regional innovation ecosystem in terms of comprehensiveness, flexibility, interactivity and coordination.