Abstract: Neuroethics is a new intersectional research field between neuroscience, neurotechnology and humanities. The rapid development of cutting-edge scientific and technological tools such as neuroscience, neurotechnology, artificial intelligence and big data is enabling knowledge, methods and technologies in the field of brain research to be translated more and more rapidly into the fields of medicine, psychobehavioral research and public life, and to play an increasingly important role in contributing to national scientific and technological advancement and economic social development. However, due to the potential possibilities, novelty of application, and uncertainty of consequences of neuroscience and neurotechnology, the convergence of these new knowledge, methods, and technological tools, etc. may bring about a series of significant ethical, legal, and social implications. On the basis of bibliometrics, review and analysis, the article discusses three aspects of neuroethics, including current research status, major issues and practical challenges, hoping to explore neuroethics adequate to China's national conditions and socio-cultural background on the basis of absorbing international research achievements and experiences, and to promote responsible innovation in neuroscience and neurotechnology and protect public rights and interests.