Abstract: New product development is a key link related to the survival and development of enterprises. The rapid development of digital technology makes product research and development face more uncertain challenges. Only by continuously developing new products with market advantages can enterprises win and maintain the market competitive position and promote the sustainable development of enterprises. The new product development advantages emphasizes that enterprises should not only develop innovative new products to lead the development of the industry, but also speed up the research and development of new products to lead the competitors. How to obtain the new product development advantages is a practical problem for enterprises to form sustainable development competitiveness, but there is less research on it. This study combines strategic management theory and knowledge-based theory. And on the basis of previous studies, it is found that under the background that the scientific and technological revolution has brought a variety of uncertain challenges to product research and development of enterprise, the long-term layout based on the technology diversification strategy can greatly enrich enterprise technical knowledge, and more effectively promote the process of obtaining the new product development advantages. In addition, patent portfolio as an important means of efficiently integrating internal and external resources of enterprises, as well as knowledge potential difference as an important knowledge feature affecting enterprises to obtain external innovation resources, have a profound impact on the acquisition process of new product development advantages. Therefore, two variables, patent portfolio and knowledge potential difference, are introduced to construct a moderated mediation model to explore the mediation mechanism and boundary conditions of technology diversification strategy affecting enterprises to obtain the new product development advantages. In this study, the data were collected in the form of questionnaire, and the conditions were set in advance to ensure the representativeness of the samples. Finally, 417 valid samples were obtained. The collected data are tested by hierarchical regression method and bootstrap method. The results show that firstly, technology diversification strategy has a positive impact on new product development advantages. Through technology mining and technology exploration, enterprises deepen and expand the technical field, optimize the research and development process and capture emerging opportunities, which is conducive to improving the new product creativity and the new product development speed. Secondly, patent portfolio plays an intermediary role between technology diversification strategy and new product development advantages. Enterprises need patent portfolio to integrate internal and external resources to generate new knowledge or ideas and enrich the resource pool of new product development in order to promote the process of obtaining the new product development advantages. In addition, knowledge potential difference not only negatively regulates the relationship between patent portfolio and new product development advantages, but also negatively regulates the intermediary role of patent portfolio. Excessive knowledge potential difference will form a barrier among enterprises, affect the efficiency of obtaining innovative resources and hinder the acquisition of new product development advantages. The research provides specific ideas for enterprises to obtain the new product development advantages from a new perspective, which helps enterprises to more deeply understand and carry out the realization process of new product development advantages.