Abstract: The innovative development of digital economy is an important exploration to tap the market potential of digital economy, ensure and encourage the safe and stable development of digital society, and improve the comprehensive competitiveness of China's digital economy under the new development pattern. This paper focuses on the core power of digital economy innovation and development - the core industry of digital economy, and uses international comparative analysis, two-way fixed effect model, network DEA and other methods to carry out research. The research finds that: firstly, there is still a big gap between the international division of labor status of China's core industry of digital economy and the patent quality of more developed countries; Secondly, taking the digital economy hardware industry as an example to explore the technological path, the innovation and development of China's digital economy must rely on independent innovation rather than technology outsourcing; In addition, the overall support efficiency of China's R & D investment for the development of core industries in the digital economy is low. The reason is that although the R & D resource investment can effectively form innovative achievements, the power to transform technological innovation into the development of core industries in the digital economy is insufficient; Finally, the efficiency of R & D investment to support the innovative development of digital economy has obvious inter provincial differences, which is almost distributed in a fault pattern. The phenomenon of difficult transformation of scientific and technological achievements is common in many provinces and cities, and the polarization phenomenon within the eastern provinces and cities is the most obvious. This study provides theoretical support and policy enlightenment for promoting the innovative development of China's digital economy and avoiding falling into the "illusion of digital economy development".