Abstract: The technological achievements investment has been main way of transformation, innovation and entrepreneurship. Tax issue of technological achievements investment becomes the hot topic. This paper mainly compares and analyses the squeeze-out effect of immediate tax，deferred tax for five years and temporary tax-free(defer to the exit) on the technological achievement investment, finding the phenomenon is “immediate tax >deferred tax for five years >temporary tax-free”, which indicates the temporary tax-free policy is most effective. Therefore, this study proposes we should take tax policy that is tax-free when getting equity and taxable when getting cash earnings from equity transfer, insisting on the principle there is no taxes when no gains, and pay taxes when gains. Temporary tax-free policy for technological achievements investment can promote the technological achievements investment, innovation and entrepreneurship, and give impetus to industrial transformation and upgrading.

摘要： 科技成果作价入股已经是当前我国科技成果转化和促进科技创新创业的重要方式，而科技成果作价入股的税收问题也成为研究热点。本研究对比分析了科技成果作价投资时，即刻缴税、递延5年缴税、暂不缴税（递延至转让时缴税）三种所得税政策对科技成果作价投资行为的挤出效应，从“进入门槛”的设立，“劣技术驱逐良技术”，税收成本补偿三方面比较了三种政策效应，发现税收政策的挤出效应存在“即刻缴税>递延5年缴税>暂不缴税”的现象，即暂不缴税政策是最有效的科技成果作价投资所得税优惠政策。因此，本研究提出在科技成果作价投资所得税优惠政策中，应坚持无收益不缴税，有收益再缴税的原则，实施获得股权时暂不缴税，转让股权获得现金收益时再依法计缴所得税政策。暂不缴税的科技成果作价入股所得税优惠政策有利于促进科技成果作价入股，会对科技创新创业和产业转型升级产生拉动作用。