The dynamic mechanism of realizing innovation lies in the passive reorganization of scientific autonomy. Therefore, when innovation becomes a new impetus to economic growth, it is important to rethink the dynamic mechanism of promoting scientific evolution. In the past, the narration of the models of scientific dynamics mainly relied on the "revolution" and "evolution" perspectives, but remained in the “academic science" stage, or confined to the internal tradition, and did not explicitly put forward the different motivations of science in the process of evolution, and the reasons for this; The reconstruction work of current scientific norms is more difficult than ever, but science always need to be reasonable. Therefore, by exploring the dynamic mechanism which plays a leading role in the past and the current scientific cause and the inheritance and expansibility between different mechanisms, it can be proved that the emergence and its future development of the new knowledge production mode are reasonable. The article constructs three dynamic models according to the philosophical characteristics of science to illustrate. Keywords: innovation；dynamic mechanism；evolution; dynamic models
Based on the theory of dynamic development of disciplines, applying life cycle theory and the theory of technological innovation nonlinear development, combined with the discipline development law, the development process of emerging disciplines is studied. Discipline life cycle is divided into five periods: incubation period, growth period, development period, mature period and transformation period. The evaluation index of discipline development based on scientific research and practical application is proposed, so as to establish the two-dimensional coordinate system for the evaluation of discipline development. It is proposed that the coordinate system can be divided into three intervals, namely, "graphene interval", "bio material interval" and "cloud computing interval", which represent three different development models of emerging discipline. On this basis, the time dimension is introduced to form the three-dimensional coordinate system. Thus, the discipline development path model is built, which can quantitatively describe the dynamic development of discipline.
Abstract: In 1982, in order to cope with the wave of new technological revolution in the world, the central government put forward the “combination of scientific technology and economy” strategic policy prospectively. However, under this policy, no specific implementing path had been designed. Since then, in the historical process of “we crossed the river by feeling the stones”, Haidian District had actively explored the effective mode of regional economic development relying on the advantages of intellectual areas. In response to the national strategic need, the scientific research institutions represented by Chinese Academy of Sciences have begun to focus on advocating their respective units to set up scientific technology enterprises. In order to get rid of the survival plight, the majority of the scientific and technological personnel have begun to explore to establish market entities with an independent legal person will from the micro-economic areas. The main bodies of the three-elements reform explored and interacted, and jointly promoting the formation of the “Zhongguancun electronic street” together. Through summarizing the formation of the “Zhongguancun electronic street”, a basic law can be drawn that whether the reformation would really be achieved depends on whether the individuals in the grass-roots society echo it to explore after the reform of the basic system is determined.
This article selected national 227 photovoltaic industry policies from 2007 to 2015 and proposed the evaluation standards for photovoltaic industry policy. Based on this, we built an industrial policy coordination model and discussed the influences of policies coordination on industry performance. Lastly, we did a comparative analysis of the industrial policy implementation before and after 2011. The results show that: with the rising synergies of Chinese photovoltaic industry policies, the policy strength decreased. However, more synergies of Chinese photovoltaic industry policies do not always mean better. Different synergies of policy affect industrial performance in different ways. The government should 1) consider the cooperative use of supervision and safeguard measures rather than regulation measures when utilizing fiscal and tax measures; 2) strengthen the cooperative use of guiding measures when implementing financial measures, with moderate weakening of the excessive use of supervision and safeguard measures, or regulation measures. In addition, from the perspective of policy, "technological breakthrough path surrounded by peripheral technology" cannot change the low technology lock situation in our photovoltaic field. Hence, we should strengthen the discourse power of the science and technology departments, taking the road of "core technology breakthrough".
This paper measures the total factor productivity of China's manufacturing from 2001 to 2014 , and examines the contribution and threshold effect of institution and technology on produtctivity, then analyze the industrial differences in the source of produtivity growth. The results show that productivity driven by property rights structure and marketization grew at an average annual rate of 2%, higher than the annual contribution of technological innovation (1.7% ). Institution has a threshold effect on productivity, with the property structure changes and marketization, their contributions gradually decline, while R&D doesn’t have a threshold effect. The contribution of institutions and technology to productivity has a industrial heterogeneity, institutions’ contribution is greater in highly competitive industries and the low-tech industries, while the technological innovation’s contribution is great in general competitive industries and high-tech industries. The conclusion is helpful to clarify the direction and difference of industrial upgrading.
Supported by the data of China provincial governments、enterprises and financial institutions investment on science and technology innovation from 2005-2015, the indicator system of regional S&T investment of S&T innovation performance has been established. Further analysis the influence of S&T investment on S&T innovation by using data envelopment analysis (DEA) for empirical research, and evaluate the performance of regional S&T investment of S&T innovation from the provincial and the East central and western regions, and many other angles in our country. The empirical results show that the comprehensive efficiency of the financial investment of science and technology innovation showed a trend of steadily rising average year; Province, regional innovation performance results output gap is larger, the eastern region is superior to other area; This study analyzed the correlation between regional investment of science and technology financial on innovation performance and the level of regional economic development , and further analyses the reason for the difference between the regional financial investment of science and technology innovation performance, and relevant policy implications are put forward based on the results of the study.
This paper re-tested the assertion as to whether enterprise takes a 'dominant' role in R&D activities and innovation in China based on an empirical analysis between the economic contributions of the R&D investment from enterprise and from the government using interprovincial panel data of from 2009 to 2015. And further research was conducted based on a time-varying threshold model to analysis the non-linear effect of two main R&D carriers—government and enterprise—on regional economic development. Nationally, research and development investment from the government has a greater economic output than that from enterprise, destabilizing the idea that enterprise has established a dominant role in driving innovation. For different regions that under different technology level, the economic performance of different R&D carriers were significantly different: for regions whose technology level were under threshold one, R&D investment from government had a stronger promoting effect on economic development; R&D investment from enterprise can produce obvious economic performance only when the technology level exceeded threshold one; while for areas whose technology level beyond threshold two, the driving effect of enterprise and government on regional economic development was consistent. In current R&D activities, more than 70% of R&D investment from both enterprise and government were beyond threshold two, so to lead more enterprise’s R&D investment to areas of medium technology level and to add more governmental support to areas under low scientific and technological development level should be the important goal of China’s technology policy.
This paper aims to improve the effectiveness of industry-university-research Institute cooperation from the perspective of multidimensional actor interaction. We choose Institute of Shenyang Blower and DUT as sample case, using exploratory single case study method to explore the interactive form of research-production and its mechanism of action in the process of knowledge transfer base on the model of SECI. Firstly, this paper introduces the evolution process of the cooperation between the project cooperation, the technology center and the cooperative research institute; Secondly, according to the analysis of the case, we find that there exists a four dimensional actor interaction in the process of knowledge transfer in industry-university-research institute cooperation. The four dimensional actor interactions are interest interaction, emotional interaction, task interaction and behavioral interaction. We also analyze the pattern of the four dimensional actor interactions in knowledge transfer, and then explore the mechanism of action of the four dimensional actor interaction in the process of industry-university-research institute cooperation, further clarifying that different interaction dimensions play diversified roles in different stages of knowledge transfer. Lastly, we construct an integrated model of knowledge transfer of industry-university-research institute based on multidimensional actor interaction. The model explains the general process of multidimensional interaction.
Citizen science is a scientific research mode of public participation, which mobilizes the social resources to solve the difficulties in scientific research. In general, citizen science neither return physical rewards , nor relates to equity rewards, therefore, the driving factors of the citizen scientific investment determine the incentives of the investors. Thus, the study on the determinants of the backers’ funding intentions promotes the successful financing of the citizen scientific projects. We use explanatory model to analyze the factors affecting the participation of the Citizen science, and then the forecasting model is employed to predict the pledge results of the Citizen science projects from the following aspects: financiers, project content and the interactions between the founders and the backers. Through empirical study on 741 projects from Experiment, we get the following key conclusions: interdisciplinary scientific projects are more successful than the single field projects with successful ratio of 70.73% and 89.07% respectively. As for the identity of the founders, the successful ratio of the projects initiated by students and folk scientists shows higher successful ratio than the projects initiated by university facility; the financing experience promotes the financing successful ratio significantly. The achievement in scientific research improves the investors’ degree of concern for the project, thus promotes the successful ratio of the project. Last, the updates delivery the progress of the project, thus, updates help the backers to make investment decisions. The prediction model validates the results of this study and it provides both theoretical implication and practical guidance for the development of citizen science.
For Technology-Oriented Small and Micro Enterprises with insufficient resource endowment and management experience, it is of great significance to carry out acquired learning to improve their level of management. Based on resource-based theory and dynamic capability theory, this paper empirically studies the relationships among acquisitive learning, learning orientation, and management innovation using a sample of 189 Technology-Oriented Small and Micro Enterprises in Shunde Region of Guangdong Province. Results shows that: (1)Acquisitive learning has a positive influence on management innovation; (2)Open-mindedness and shared vision both can positively facilitate the acquisitive learning, and the complementarity of open-mindedness and shared vision also has a positive effect on acquisitive learning; (3)Open-mindedness can positively moderate the relationship between acquisitive learning and management innovation, while shared vision negatively moderates this relationship.
Divided resource identification and acquisition behavior into in-bound and boundary-spanning resource identification and acquisition, the paper describes the influencing micro-mechanism of resource identification and acquisition behavior on technological distinctive competencies. Using the sample of 165 high-tech enterprises, an empirical research on the relationship between resource identification and acquisition behavior and technological distinctive competencies has been done, and the moderating effect of innovation orientation and assimilation competencies has been examined. The results show that both in-bound resource and boundary-spanning resource identification and acquisition has a significant impact on technological distinctive competencies. Exploitative innovation orientation positively moderates the relationship between in-bound resource identification and acquisition and technological distinctive competencies, but no obvious moderating effect on the relationship between boundary-spanning resource identification and acquisition and technological distinctive competencies. Explorative innovation orientation positively moderates the relationship between boundary-spanning resource identification and acquisition and technological distinctive competencies, but no obvious moderating effect on the relationship between in-bound resource identification and acquisition and technological distinctive competencies. Assimilation competencies positively moderates the relationship between in-bound and boundary-spanning resource identification and acquisition and technological distinctive competencies. The conclusions provide a more reasonable explanation framework for why resource identification and acquisition behavior can promote technological distinctive competencies. Furthermore, the conclusions enrich and develop resource integration theory and provide a new path of technological distinctive competencies of high-tech enterprises.
Based on value chain perspective, the innovation process is divided into two interrelated stages of technology R&D and economic transformation. The stochastic frontier model is used to measure the R&D efficiency and economic transformation efficiency of 30 provincial high-tech industries in China during 2009-2015. Then this paper analyzes the influence of spatial effect and other factors on the two-stage efficiency. The empirical results show that there are great differences in the R&D efficiency and economic transformation efficiency of high-tech industries in various regions; the spatial effect has a significant positive impact on R&D efficiency and a significant negative effect on economic transformation efficiency; the firm size has a significant U type relationship with R&D efficiency and a significant positive correlation with economic transformation efficiency; government funding support has a significant negative impact on technology R&D efficiency, and government tax reduction can significantly promote economic transformation efficiency. Finally, according to the overall mean of the two-stage efficiency, various regions are divided into four categories, such as high R&D and high conversion, high R&D and low conversion, low R&D and high conversion, low R&D and low conversion.
Using a sample of China’s A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2014, we study the interactive effect of social responsibility behavior and sci-tech innovation investment on the enterprise value, and we further study whether the interactive effect is influenced by regional economic development. The results show that, the social responsibility behavior and the sci-tech innovation investment have substitution effect on enterprise value, namely when the sci-tech innovation investment is lower, the influence of social responsibility activities on the enterprise value is more significant, and vice versa. The dynamic research also showed that the social responsibility behavior and the sci-tech innovation investment have substitution effect on enterprise value .Based on the different levels of regional economic development, we find that the substitution effect is significant in the developed regions, while not significant in the developing regions. And our further study showed that enterprise’s growth also influenced the substitution effect.
In order to uncover the mechanism of iterative innovation in technology innovation network, this paper analyze the inter-temporal coupling of routine and effect on iterative innovation based on punctuated equilibrium perspective, and further examines the mediating effect of dynamic structural holes and the moderated effect of technology asymmetry. Then an empirical test was made by social network analysis and multiple regressions model with high-tech enterprises in China. The results show that: The change of routines has the characteristics called punctuated equilibrium; the inter-temporal coupling of routine can be divided into the way of conventional routines first then flexible routine and the way of flexible routines first then conventional routines, which have significant positive effect on iterative innovation. Dynamic structural holes have different meditative effects between the inter-temporal coupling of routine and iterative innovation, the generations of structural holes have meditative effects between the way of conventional routines first then flexible routine and iterative innovation, the closing of structural holes have meditative effects between the way of flexible routines first then conventional routines and iterative innovation. Technology asymmetry enhances the generations of structural holes’ meditative effects, but can not enhance the closing of structural holes’ meditative effects. This research can reveal the transform mechanism from catch-up to frontier of innovation network organization.
In this paper, technological proximity was measured based on the degree of overlap between the co-firms’ prior patent IPC codes, and introduced into the evolution dynamics of innovation hypernetworks. Based on two preferential attachment mechanisms of technological proximity and hyperdegree, we proposed the hyperedge growth mechanism and constructed an evolving innovation hypernetwork model. The numerical simulations and empirical analysis on patent cooperation networks of new energy automobile industry in China shown that innovation hypernetwork displaied both scale-free and high clustering structure characteristics under the combination of the two preferential attachment mechanisms. Furthermore, this paper studied the effects of different preferential attachment mechanisms on the structure evolution and performance of innovation hypernetworks. The results shown that technological proximity preferential attachment mechanism will lead to a more balanced growth of innovative performance. And the greater role the hyperedge preferential attachment mechanism play, the more obvious the small-world and scale-free structure characteristics will display.
