劳动力生态系统:一种数智时代混合劳动力新解构

科学学研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (12): 2150-2161.

劳动力生态系统:一种数智时代混合劳动力新解构

何江¹,闫淑敏²,朱四伟³,郑晶晶⁴,杨轮⁵

1. 清华大学
2. 同济大学
3. 上海大学经济学院
4. 中南大学
5.

收稿日期:2021-10-25 修回日期:2022-01-18 出版日期:2022-12-15 发布日期:2022-12-15
通讯作者: 闫淑敏
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目

Workforce Ecosystem: A New Deconstruction of Hybrid Workforce in the Era of Digital Intelligence

Received:2021-10-25 Revised:2022-01-18 Online:2022-12-15 Published:2022-12-15
Contact: Shumin -Yan

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 劳动力生态系统作为数智时代组织混合劳动力结构新常态，至今尚缺乏系统理论体系构建。基于生态系统理念诠释组织多元混合劳动力结构，创新性提出劳动力生态系统理论，并系统构建其理论框架体系。结果发现：（1）劳动力生态系统作为既有劳动力结构理论的深化拓展，呈现“单一用工型组织→三叶草组织→四叶草组织→劳动力生态系统”的演化态势，且其具有多元混合、人机共生、价值共创、竞合并存、自组织演化等基本特征。（2）劳动力生态系统基本结构包括行动者部分（劳动主体子系统、用工主体子系统、客户子系统）和非行动者环境，且由食物链、食物网共同构成劳动力营养结构并驱动生态系统动态演化。（3）物质循环、能量流动、信息传递等构成劳动力生态系统新陈代谢基本功能，劳动力“生产者”、“消费者”、“分解者”及环境子系统交互作用并驱动劳动力生态系统自组织动态演化迭代。

Abstract: The workforce ecosystem (WE) has become the new normal of organization’s workforce structure in the era of digital intelligence, while there is still a lack of systematic theoretical system construction. By applying ecology and ecosystem concepts to explain the structure of the organization's diverse and hybrid workforce system, this research innovatively proposes the WE theory and discusses its theoretical framework. The results show that: (1) As a deepening and expansion of the existing workforce structure theory, WE presents the evolutionary trend of "traditional organization→Shamrock Organization→Four-Leaf Clover Organization→WE", and it has the basic characteristics of diversified mix, human-machine symbiosis, value co-creation, coopetition, and self-organized evolution. (2) The basic structure of WE includes actors (sub-system of workforce subject, employer subject, and customer) and non-actor environment, and the food chain and food web jointly constitute the workforce nutrition structure, which drives the dynamic evolution of WE. (3) Material circulation, energy flow, and information transmission constitute WE's metabolic function. Producers, consumers, decomposers of workforce and environmental subsystems interact and drive WE’s self-organization and dynamic evolution iterations.

何江闫淑敏朱四伟郑晶晶杨轮. 劳动力生态系统:一种数智时代混合劳动力新解构[J]. 科学学研究, 2022, 40(12): 2150-2161.

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