Abstract: Based on the spatial panel data from 2008 to 2017 and the government work reports of 31 provinces (municipalities directly under the central government) from 2007 to 2016, this paper constructs the spatial durbin model and studies the spatial influence mechanism of the policy intensity of scientific and technological innovation on the innovation performance of provinces from the perspective of spatial measurement. It is found that the spatial agglomeration of innovation policy is more obvious than that of innovation performance. The intellectual property rights and foreign capital introduction targets in the policy have significant positive effects on innovation performance, while the scientific and technological achievements and technological innovation targets have insignificant positive effects on innovation performance. Personnel measures in innovation policies have a positive moderating effect on the relationship between policy objectives and innovation performance, while fiscal and taxation measures have a negative moderating effect on the relationship between policy objectives and innovation performance. Both the target of intellectual property and the target of foreign capital introduction have positive spillover effect. At the same time, the spillover effect of intellectual property right and foreign capital introduction can be promoted. Accordingly, the corresponding research enlightenment is obtained.